Yale School of Public Health, 60 College Street, P.O. Box 208034, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
Eur J Nutr. 2013 Apr;52(3):1251-60. doi: 10.1007/s00394-012-0436-z. Epub 2012 Aug 23.
Animal and laboratory studies suggest that long-chain omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids, a type of polyunsaturated fat found in fatty fish, may protect against carcinogenesis, but human studies on dietary intake of polyunsaturated fats and fish with endometrial cancer risk show mixed results.
We evaluated the associations between endometrial cancer risk and intake of fatty acids and fish in a population-based sample of 556 incident cancer cases and 533 age-matched controls using multivariate unconditional logistic regression methods.
Although total n-3 fatty acid intake was not associated with endometrial cancer risk, higher intakes of eicosapentaenoic (EPA 20:5) and docosahexaenoic (DHA 22:6) fatty acids were significantly associated with lower risks (OR = 0.57, 95 % CI: 0.39-0.84; OR = 0.64, 95 % CI: 0.44-0.94; respectively) comparing extreme quartiles. The ratio of n-3:n-6 fatty acids was inversely associated with risk only on a continuous scale (OR = 0.84, 95 % CI: 0.71-0.99), while total fish intake was not associated with risk. Fish oil supplement use was significantly associated with reduced risk of endometrial cancer: OR = 0.63 (95 % CI: 0.45-0.88).
Our results suggest that dietary intake of the long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids EPA and DHA in foods and supplements may have protective associations against the development of endometrial cancer.
动物和实验室研究表明，长链ω-3（n-3）脂肪酸是一种多不饱和脂肪，存在于多脂鱼中，可能具有抗癌作用，但关于多不饱和脂肪和鱼类饮食摄入与子宫内膜癌风险的人体研究结果不一。
我们采用多变量非条件逻辑回归方法，在一个基于人群的 556 例新发癌症病例和 533 例年龄匹配对照者的样本中，评估了脂肪酸和鱼类摄入与子宫内膜癌风险之间的关联。
尽管总 n-3 脂肪酸摄入量与子宫内膜癌风险无关，但较高的二十碳五烯酸（EPA 20:5）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA 22:6）脂肪酸摄入量与较低的风险显著相关（OR = 0.57，95%CI：0.39-0.84；OR = 0.64，95%CI：0.44-0.94；分别），比较极端四分位数。n-3:n-6 脂肪酸比值仅在连续尺度上与风险呈负相关（OR = 0.84，95%CI：0.71-0.99），而总鱼类摄入量与风险无关。鱼油补充剂的使用与子宫内膜癌风险降低显著相关：OR = 0.63（95%CI：0.45-0.88）。
我们的结果表明，食物和补充剂中长链多不饱和脂肪酸 EPA 和 DHA 的饮食摄入可能与子宫内膜癌的发展具有保护关联。
