Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Western University, London ON, Canada.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2012 Apr 4;2:41. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2012.00041. eCollection 2012.
Lipoproteins fulfill diverse roles in antibiotic resistance, adhesion, protein secretion, signaling and sensing, and many also serve as the substrate binding protein (SBP) partner to ABC transporters for the acquisition of a diverse array of nutrients including peptides, sugars, and scarcely abundant metals. In the staphylococci, the iron-regulated SBPs are significantly upregulated during iron starvation and function to sequester and deliver iron into the bacterial cell, enabling staphylococci to circumvent iron restriction imposed by the host environment. Accordingly, this subset of lipoproteins has been implicated in staphylococcal pathogenesis and virulence. Lipoproteins also activate the host innate immune response, triggered through Toll-like receptor-2 (TLR2) and, notably, the iron-regulated subset of lipoproteins are particularly immunogenic. In this review, we discuss the iron-regulated staphylococcal lipoproteins with regard to their biogenesis, substrate specificity, and impact on the host innate immune response.
脂蛋白在抗生素耐药性、黏附、蛋白质分泌、信号转导和感应等方面发挥着多种作用，许多脂蛋白还作为 ABC 转运蛋白的底物结合蛋白 (SBP) 伴侣，用于获取包括肽、糖和稀有金属在内的各种营养物质。在葡萄球菌中，铁调控的 SBPs 在缺铁饥饿时显著上调，其功能是将铁螯合并输送到细菌细胞内，使葡萄球菌能够规避宿主环境施加的铁限制。因此，这组脂蛋白与葡萄球菌的发病机制和毒力有关。脂蛋白还通过 Toll 样受体-2 (TLR2) 激活宿主固有免疫反应，特别是铁调控的脂蛋白亚群具有很强的免疫原性。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了铁调控的葡萄球菌脂蛋白的生物发生、底物特异性以及对宿主固有免疫反应的影响。
