Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Nussbaumstrasse 7, 80336 Munich, Germany.
J Psychiatr Res. 2012 Nov;46(11):1515-23. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2012.07.017. Epub 2012 Aug 22.
Executive dysfunctions (regarding behavioural inhibition, decision making, flexibility or voluntary selection) rank among the core symptoms of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Several studies demonstrated functional variations in patients with ADHD especially during response inhibition and flexibility. However, information about functional correlates of other aspects of executive functions such as voluntary selection processes is limited. A group of thirty adult patients with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and 30 healthy controls, matched for age and education, participated in the present study. Electrophysiological responses (event-related potentials, gamma oscillations) and behavioural data were acquired during the voluntary selection between various response alternatives. ADHD patients demonstrated increased responses in the gamma frequency band especially in frontal and fronto-central brain areas during voluntary response selection processes compared to healthy subjects. In addition, the error rate was increased in patients. Given that gamma-band responses have been related to GABAergic and glutamatergic responses these results may indicate accordant dysfunction in patients with ADHD.
执行功能障碍（行为抑制、决策、灵活性或自愿选择方面）是注意力缺陷/多动障碍的核心症状之一。几项研究表明，ADHD 患者在反应抑制和灵活性方面存在功能差异。然而，关于执行功能的其他方面（如自愿选择过程）的功能相关性的信息有限。本研究共纳入 30 名成年注意力缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD）患者和 30 名年龄和教育程度相匹配的健康对照者。在自愿选择各种反应选择时，获得了电生理反应（事件相关电位、γ 振荡）和行为数据。与健康受试者相比，ADHD 患者在自愿反应选择过程中，特别是在前额和额中央脑区，γ 频带的反应增加。此外，患者的错误率增加。鉴于 γ 频带反应与 GABA 能和谷氨酸能反应有关，这些结果可能表明 ADHD 患者存在一致的功能障碍。
