Université du Maine, EA2160 Mer Molécules Santé, UFR Sciences et Techniques, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, F-72085 Le Mans, France.
Gene. 2012 Nov 1;509(1):7-15. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.07.042. Epub 2012 Aug 16.
Transposable elements (TEs) are present in roughly all genomes. These mobile DNA sequences are able to invade genomes and their impact on genome evolution is substantial. The mobility of TEs can induce the appearance of deleterious mutations, gene disruption and chromosome rearrangements, but transposition activity also has positive aspects and the mutational activities of TEs contribute to the genetic diversity of organisms. This short review aims to give a brief overview of the impact TEs may have on animal and plant genome structure and expression, and the relationship between TEs and the stress response of organisms, including insecticide resistance.
转座元件 (TEs) 存在于几乎所有的基因组中。这些可移动的 DNA 序列能够侵入基因组，对基因组的进化有重大影响。TE 的移动性可能会导致有害突变、基因缺失和染色体重排的出现，但转座活性也有积极的方面，TE 的突变活性有助于生物的遗传多样性。这篇简短的综述旨在简要概述 TEs 可能对动植物基因组结构和表达产生的影响，以及 TEs 与生物体的应激反应之间的关系，包括抗药性。
