Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK.
Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2012 Dec;29(12):577-85. doi: 10.1097/EJA.0b013e3283583c4b.
The clinical applications of xenon for the neonate include both anaesthesia and neuroprotection. However, due to the limited natural availability of xenon, special equipment is required to administer and recapture the gas to develop xenon as a therapeutic agent.
In order to test the xenon recirculating ventilator for the application of neuroprotection in a preclinical trial, our primary objective was to test the efficiency, reliability and safety of administering 50% xenon for 24 h in hypoxic ischaemic piglets.
A prospective observational study.
Institute for Women's Health, University College London, January 2008 to March 2008.
Four anaesthetised male piglets, less than 24 h old, underwent a global hypoxic ischaemic insult for approximately 25 min prior to switching to the xenon recirculating ventilator.
Between 2 and 26 h after hypoxic ischaemia, anaesthetised piglets were administered a mixture of 50% xenon, air, oxygen and isoflurane.
The primary outcome measure was blood gas PaCO2 (kPa) and secondary outcome measure was xenon gas use (l h), over the 24-h duration of xenon administration.
The xenon recirculating ventilator provided effective ventilation, automated control of xenon/air gas mixtures, and stable blood gas PaCO2 (4.5 to 6.3 kPa) for 24 h of ventilation with the xenon recirculating ventilator. Total xenon use was minimal at approximately 0.6 l h at a cost of approximately &OV0556;8 h. Additional features included an isoflurane scavenger and bellows height alarm.
Stable gas delivery to a piglet with minimal xenon loss and analogue circuitry made the xenon recirculating ventilator easy to use and it could be modified for other large animals and noble gas mixtures. The technologies, safety and efficiency of xenon delivery in this preclinical system have been taken forward in the development of neonatal ventilators for clinical use in phase II clinical trials for xenon-augmented hypothermia and for xenon anaesthesia.
氙气在新生儿中的临床应用包括麻醉和神经保护。然而，由于氙气的天然供应有限，需要特殊的设备来管理和回收气体，以开发氙气作为治疗剂。
为了在临床前试验中测试用于神经保护的氙气再循环通风机，我们的主要目标是测试在缺氧缺血的小猪中给予 50%氙气 24 小时的效率、可靠性和安全性。
前瞻性观察研究。
伦敦大学学院妇女健康研究所，2008 年 1 月至 2008 年 3 月。
四只小于 24 小时的麻醉雄性小猪，在切换到氙气再循环通风机前经历了大约 25 分钟的全脑缺氧缺血损伤。
在缺氧缺血后 2 至 26 小时，麻醉小猪接受了 50%氙气、空气、氧气和异氟醚的混合物。
主要观察指标是血气 PaCO2（kPa），次要观察指标是 24 小时氙气给药期间的氙气气体使用量（lh）。
氙气再循环通风机提供了有效的通气，对氙气/空气混合气体的自动控制，以及稳定的血气 PaCO2（4.5 至 6.3 kPa），在使用氙气再循环通风机 24 小时的通气。总氙气用量最少，约为 0.6 l h，成本约为 8 英镑。其他功能包括异氟醚清除器和波纹管高度警报。
稳定地向小猪输送气体，氙气损失最小，模拟电路使氙气再循环通风机易于使用，并且可以对其他大型动物和稀有气体混合物进行修改。在这个临床前系统中，氙气输送的技术、安全性和效率已经在用于临床的新生儿通风机的开发中得到了推进，用于增强低温和氙气麻醉的 II 期临床试验。
