与注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）相关的因素：病例对照研究。
Associated factors with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): a case-control study.
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry, Clinical Psychiatry Research Center(CPRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
出版信息
Arch Iran Med. 2012 Sep;15(9):560-3.
BACKGROUND
The current study attempted to investigate factors associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children without co-morbidities.
METHODS
In this case-control study, 164 ADHD children who attended the Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Iran were compared with 166 normal children selected in a random-cluster method from primary and secondary schools. Clinical interviews based on DSM-IV-TR using K-SADS were used to diagnose ADHD cases and to select the control group. Participants were matched for age. We used chi-square and binary logistic regression for data analysis.
RESULTS
Among the associated factors with ADHD were gender and maternal employment. Boys (OR 0.54; 95% confidence interval: 0.34 - 0.86) and those children with working mothers (OR 0.16: 95% confidence interval: 0.06 - 0.86) suffered more from ADHD. The birth season, family size, birth order, and parental kinship were not among risk factors for ADHD.
CONCLUSION
The results of the study show that maternal employment and male gender are among the associated risk factors for ADHD.
背景
本研究旨在探讨无共病儿童注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的相关因素。
方法
在这项病例对照研究中，我们将伊朗大不里士医科大学儿童和青少年精神病诊所的 164 名 ADHD 儿童与通过随机聚类法从小学和中学中选择的 166 名正常儿童进行比较。采用基于 DSM-IV-TR 的 K-SADS 临床访谈来诊断 ADHD 病例并选择对照组。参与者按年龄匹配。我们使用卡方检验和二元逻辑回归进行数据分析。
结果
与 ADHD 相关的因素包括性别和母亲就业。男孩（OR 0.54；95%置信区间：0.34-0.86）和母亲就业的儿童（OR 0.16：95%置信区间：0.06-0.86）更易患 ADHD。出生季节、家庭规模、出生顺序和父母亲属关系不是 ADHD 的危险因素。
结论
研究结果表明，母亲就业和男性性别是 ADHD 的相关危险因素之一。
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