注意缺陷多动障碍患儿家长对该疾病的认知与态度
Knowledge and Attitude of Parents of Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Towards the Illness.
作者信息
Amiri Shahrokh, Shafiee-Kandjani Ali Reza, Noorazar Seyed Gholamreza, Rahmani Ivrigh Sina, Abdi Salman
机构信息
Research Center of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran.
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran.
出版信息
Iran J Psychiatry Behav Sci. 2016 May 15;10(2):e122. doi: 10.17795/ijpbs-122. eCollection 2016 Jun.
BACKGROUND
The knowledge and attitude of parents about attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a public health issue in which management and rehabilitation approaches may be influenced.
OBJECTIVES
The current study aimed to evaluate the knowledge and attitude of the parents of children with ADHD towards this disorder in Tabriz, Iran.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The current cross-sectional study evaluated 295 parents of children and adolescents with ADHD referred to psychiatric clinics of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. The subjects were diagnosed based on Kiddie schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia for school-aged children (K-SADS) and recruited according to a convenience sampling method in the first five months of 2014. The parents' knowledge and attitude towards ADHD was studied by a researcher-made questionnaire.
RESULTS
The overall knowledge of parents was 66% in which 76.72% were aware of related signs and symptoms and 43.38% were able to identify the aberrations. Meanwhile, 44.62% of the parents knew the etiology and 54.75% had information about treatment strategies. In addition, 33.55%, 37.91%, 25.52% were aware of ADHD consequences, diagnosis and prevalence dimensions, respectively. Moreover, 82.72% of the parents had a positive attitude towards ADHD. A positive correlation was found between parents' attitude towards ADHD and their overall knowledge (identification, etiology, treatment, consequences and prevalence dimensions), ranging from 0.12 to 0.36 (P < 0.50). Age, gender, and place of residence did not have a correlation with parents' knowledge and attitude towards ADHD. Parent's education level only had a positive correlation with the knowledge of symptoms, with a value of 0.19 (P < 0.01). Parents with a higher overall knowledge, knowledge of ADHD symptoms, and prevalence rates accepted combination therapy (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
While the overall knowledge of parents regarding ADHD was favorable, they were mostly unable to identify the aberrations in children with ADHD. These results may help practitioners address pitfalls in parent management training programs.
背景
父母对注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的认知和态度是一个公共卫生问题，可能会影响管理和康复方法。
目的
本研究旨在评估伊朗大不里士地区多动症患儿家长对该疾病的认知和态度。
材料与方法
本横断面研究评估了295名转诊至大不里士医科大学精神病诊所的多动症儿童和青少年的家长。根据适用于学龄儿童的情感障碍和精神分裂症儿童量表（K-SADS）对受试者进行诊断，并于2014年的前五个月根据便利抽样方法招募。通过研究人员自制的问卷研究家长对多动症的认知和态度。
结果
家长的总体认知率为66%，其中76.72%知晓相关体征和症状，43.38%能够识别异常。同时，44.62%的家长了解病因，54.75%知晓治疗策略。此外，分别有33.55%、37.91%、25.52%的家长了解多动症的后果、诊断和患病率方面的知识。此外，82.72%的家长对多动症持积极态度。家长对多动症的态度与其总体认知（识别、病因、治疗、后果和患病率方面）之间存在正相关，范围为0.12至0.36（P<0.50）。年龄、性别和居住地点与家长对多动症的认知和态度无关。家长的教育水平仅与症状认知呈正相关，值为0.19（P<0.01）。总体认知、多动症症状认知和患病率较高的家长接受联合治疗（P<0.05）。
结论
虽然家长对多动症的总体认知良好，但他们大多无法识别多动症患儿的异常。这些结果可能有助于从业者解决家长管理培训项目中的问题。
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