Departments of Neurology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.
Ann Neurol. 2012 Aug;72(2):167-74. doi: 10.1002/ana.23596.
In 2006, Yamanaka's group pioneered a method for reprogramming somatic cells by introducing definite transcription factors, which enabled the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) with pluripotency comparable to that of embryonic stem cells. These iPSCs are attracting considerable attention for their potential in rejection-tolerance personalized replacement therapy. In recent years, patient-derived iPSCs have been used to recapitulate the phenotypes of neurological diseases and broaden our understanding of the pathogenesis of many neurological diseases, including those of late onset. It is now expected that iPSCs will serve as an unlimited source of disease-specific neural cells for use in disease modeling. This review outlines current progress in neurodegenerative disease research involving iPSCs and discusses the potential roles iPSCs may play in helping researchers elucidate the pathological processes of neurodegenerative diseases and in drug discovery and regenerative medicine.
2006 年，山中伸弥的团队开创了一种通过引入特定转录因子重编程体细胞的方法，从而产生了具有与胚胎干细胞相当的多能性的诱导多能干细胞（iPSC）。这些 iPSC 因其在排斥耐受个性化替代治疗中的潜在应用而受到广泛关注。近年来，已使用患者来源的 iPSC 来重现神经疾病的表型，并加深我们对许多神经疾病发病机制的理解，包括迟发性疾病。现在预计 iPSC 将作为用于疾病建模的特定疾病神经细胞的无限来源。本文概述了 iPSC 在神经退行性疾病研究中的最新进展，并讨论了 iPSC 在帮助研究人员阐明神经退行性疾病的病理过程以及在药物发现和再生医学中的可能作用。
