School of Environment, Science, and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, New South Wales, Australia.
Environ Toxicol Chem. 2012 Nov;31(11):2653-62. doi: 10.1002/etc.1993. Epub 2012 Sep 11.
An urgent need exists to identify suitable tropical marine species for use in the development of sensitive and reliable test methods for routine laboratory ecotoxicological testing. Corals are a group of organisms not represented in routine ecotoxicology due to inherent difficulties in laboratory husbandry, and sea anemones from the same phylum (cnidaria) may be useful proxies. Aiptasia pulchella is a tropical symbiotic sea anemone with a wide geographic range. It is well suited to laboratory conditions and has been used extensively in research. However, its suitability as a toxicity test species has not been investigated. Assessment of juvenile recruitment in laboratory and semi-outdoor conditions showed higher production in semi-outdoor conditions; however, laboratory rearing produced enough recruits to run routine toxicity tests. In investigations of the sensitivity of A. pulchella to contaminants, acute tests were conducted on 1- to 2-mm juveniles using copper. Lethal concentration, 50% (LC50) values at 96 h estimated from tests using five and 10 replicates ranged from 30 to 83 and 60 to 90 µg/L, respectively, and a 28-d LC50 of 26 µg/L was estimated. During the present study, sublethal endpoints were investigated; chronic assessment of inhibited asexual reproduction looks promising (12-d effective concentration, 50% [EC50] 15 µg/L) and should be assessed further. Aiptasia pulchella is a species worthy of investigation as a cnidarian representative, and will be an invaluable contribution to tropical marine ecotoxicologists.
目前迫切需要确定适合的热带海洋物种，用于开发敏感可靠的常规实验室生态毒理学测试方法。由于在实验室养殖方面存在固有困难，珊瑚等生物体并未纳入常规生态毒理学研究，而来自同一门（刺胞动物门）的海葵可能是有用的替代物。华丽仙掌海葵是一种具有广泛地理分布范围的热带共生海葵，它非常适合实验室条件，并且已被广泛用于研究。然而，其作为毒性测试物种的适用性尚未得到研究。在实验室和半室外条件下评估幼体的补充能力表明，半室外条件下的产量更高；然而，实验室养殖产生的足够幼体数量可用于进行常规毒性测试。在对华丽仙掌海葵对污染物的敏感性进行研究时，使用铜对 1 至 2 毫米的幼体进行了急性测试。使用 5 个和 10 个重复进行的测试得出的 96 小时半数致死浓度 (LC50) 值范围分别为 30 至 83 和 60 至 90µg/L，28 天 LC50 估计值为 26µg/L。在本研究中，研究了亚致死终点；抑制无性繁殖的慢性评估有很大的前景（12 天有效浓度，50%[EC50]为 15µg/L），应该进一步评估。华丽仙掌海葵是一种值得作为刺胞动物代表进行研究的物种，它将为热带海洋生态毒理学家做出宝贵的贡献。
