利用高速帧频超声生物显微镜对斑马鱼心脏进行脉冲反相啁啾编码组织谐波成像（PI-CTHI）。
Pulse inversion chirp coded tissue harmonic imaging (PI-CTHI) of Zebrafish heart using high frame rate ultrasound biomicroscopy.
机构信息
NIH Resource on Medical Ultrasonic Transducer Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, 1042 Downey Way, University Park, DRB125, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
出版信息
Ann Biomed Eng. 2013 Jan;41(1):41-52. doi: 10.1007/s10439-012-0636-y. Epub 2012 Aug 29.
This paper reports a pulse inversion chirp coded tissue harmonic imaging (PI-CTHI) method for visualizing small animal hearts that provides fine spatial resolution at a high frame rate without sacrificing the echo signal to noise ratio (eSNR). A 40 MHz lithium niobate (LiNbO(3)) single element transducer is employed to evaluate the performance of PI-CTHI by scanning tungsten wire targets, spherical anechoic voids, and zebrafish hearts. The wire phantom results show that PI-CTHI improves the eSNR by 4 dB from that of conventional pulse inversion tissue harmonic imaging (PI-THI), while still maintaining a spatial resolution of 88 and 110 μm in the axial and lateral directions, respectively. The range side lobe level of PI-CTHI is 11 dB lower than that of band-pass filtered CTHI (or F-CTHI). In the anechoic sphere phantom study, the contrast-to-noise ratio of PI-CTHI is found to be 2.7, indicating a 34% enhancement over conventional PI-THI. Due to such improved eSNR and contrast resolution, blood clots in zebrafish hearts can be readily visualized throughout heart regeneration after 20% of the ventricle is removed. Disappearance of the clots in the early stages of the regeneration has been observed for 7 days without sacrificing the fish.
本文报道了一种用于可视化小动物心脏的脉冲反转型啁啾谐波成像（PI-CTHI）方法，该方法在不牺牲回波信号噪声比（eSNR）的情况下，提供了高帧率下的精细空间分辨率。采用 40MHz 铌酸锂（LiNbO(3)）单晶换能器，通过扫描钨丝靶、球形无声空洞和斑马鱼心脏来评估 PI-CTHI 的性能。线阵伪影实验结果表明，PI-CTHI 可将 eSNR 提高 4dB，与传统的脉冲反转型组织谐波成像（PI-THI）相比，同时仍保持轴向和侧向的空间分辨率分别为 88μm 和 110μm。PI-CTHI 的距离旁瓣电平比带通滤波的谐波成像（或 F-CTHI）低 11dB。在无声球体模拟实验中，PI-CTHI 的对比噪声比为 2.7，表明与传统的 PI-THI 相比，增强了 34%。由于这种 eSNR 和对比分辨率的提高，在去除心室 20%后，斑马鱼心脏中的血栓可以很容易地在心脏再生过程中被可视化。在不牺牲鱼的情况下，已经观察到再生早期血栓的消失持续了 7 天。
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