Jessop Amy B, Dumas Harry, Moser Charlotte A
University of the Sciences in Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Am J Med Qual. 2013 May-Jun;28(3):232-7. doi: 10.1177/1062860612456236. Epub 2012 Aug 28.
Influenza is responsible for significant morbidity and mortality in the United States. Despite long-standing national recommendations, only 47% of adults with a high-risk condition received the influenza vaccine in 2009-2010. Subspecialty practices provide a significant portion of ambulatory care visits for high-risk adults and understanding their role in the immunization infrastructure may increase immunization rates, decrease public health burden, and reduce influenza-associated disease. A cross-sectional survey of cardiology, pulmonology, and obstetrics/gynecology practices was conducted to assess influenza vaccination practices, plans, patient acceptance, frustrations, and reasons for not vaccinating. It was found that 51% of respondents planned to vaccinate patients. Plans differed significantly by practice type. Practices that do not vaccinate generally recommend vaccination and refer patients to public health clinics, primary care, and pharmacies. Administrative and patient-related barriers affected most practices, but practices that vaccinate were able to overcome these barriers. Improvements in vaccination may be addressed by adapting practice support services for subspecialty practices.
在美国，流感导致了大量的发病和死亡。尽管有长期的国家建议，但在2009 - 2010年，只有47%的高危成年人接种了流感疫苗。专科医疗实践为高危成年人提供了很大一部分门诊护理服务，了解它们在免疫接种体系中的作用可能会提高免疫接种率、减轻公共卫生负担并减少与流感相关的疾病。对心脏病学、肺病学以及妇产科医疗实践进行了一项横断面调查，以评估流感疫苗接种实践、计划、患者接受情况、遇到的问题以及不接种疫苗的原因。结果发现，51%的受访者计划为患者接种疫苗。不同类型的医疗实践计划差异显著。不进行疫苗接种的医疗实践通常会推荐接种疫苗，并将患者转介至公共卫生诊所、初级保健机构和药房。行政和患者相关的障碍影响了大多数医疗实践，但进行疫苗接种的医疗实践能够克服这些障碍。通过为专科医疗实践调整实践支持服务，或许可以解决疫苗接种方面的改进问题。
