MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2005 Oct 21;54(41):1050-2.
Women infected with influenza virus during pregnancy are at increased risk for serious complications and hospitalization. During 1997-2003, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) included healthy pregnant women who would be in their second or third trimester of pregnancy during the influenza season among those persons at high risk for whom influenza vaccination was indicated. Also included were women at any stage of pregnancy with certain chronic medical conditions, such as asthma, diabetes mellitus, or heart disease. ACIP emphasized that the influenza vaccine was safe for breastfeeding mothers and their infants and that household contacts of children aged <2 years also should be vaccinated. However, despite these recommendations, only 13% of pregnant women received influenza vaccination in 2003. To assess understanding of the ACIP recommendations among obstetrician-gynecologists (OB/GYNs), the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG), with support from CDC, surveyed a national sample of OB/GYNs in May 2004. This report describes the results of that survey, which indicated that 52% of OB/GYNs surveyed would recommend influenza vaccination for a healthy woman in the first trimester of pregnancy, 95% would recommend the vaccine for a healthy pregnant woman beyond the first trimester, and 63% would recommend vaccination for a woman with a medical condition in the first trimester. However, of the physicians who would recommend vaccination, 36%-38% reported that influenza vaccination was not offered in their practices. Increased efforts are needed to improve vaccine availability and to educate OB/GYNs regarding the updated ACIP recommendations on the use of influenza vaccine in the first trimester for both healthy pregnant women and pregnant women at high risk.
孕期感染流感病毒的女性出现严重并发症和住院的风险会增加。在1997 - 2003年期间，免疫实践咨询委员会（ACIP）将在流感季节处于妊娠中期或晚期的健康孕妇纳入建议接种流感疫苗的高危人群。患有某些慢性疾病（如哮喘、糖尿病或心脏病）的处于孕期任何阶段的女性也包括在内。ACIP强调流感疫苗对哺乳期母亲及其婴儿是安全的，2岁以下儿童的家庭接触者也应接种疫苗。然而，尽管有这些建议，2003年只有13%的孕妇接种了流感疫苗。为评估妇产科医生（OB/GYNs）对ACIP建议的了解情况，美国妇产科医师学会（ACOG）在疾病预防控制中心（CDC）的支持下，于2004年5月对全国范围内的妇产科医生样本进行了调查。本报告描述了该调查的结果，结果显示，52%接受调查的妇产科医生会建议为处于妊娠早期的健康女性接种流感疫苗，95%会建议为妊娠早期之后的健康孕妇接种疫苗，63%会建议为妊娠早期患有疾病的女性接种疫苗。然而，在那些会建议接种疫苗的医生中，36% - 38%报告称他们所在的医疗机构未提供流感疫苗接种服务。需要加大力度提高疫苗的可及性，并就ACIP关于妊娠早期健康孕妇和高危孕妇使用流感疫苗的最新建议对妇产科医生进行教育。
