[电网工人工频电磁场职业暴露调查]
[Investigation of occupational exposure to power frequency electromagnetic fields in workers of power grid].
作者信息
Chen Qing-song, Yang Xiao-ying, Li Run-qin, Zhu Bao-yu, Zhang Xiao, Gao Yang, Huang Han-lin, Li Tao
机构信息
Guangdong Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Disease, Guangzhou 510300, China.
出版信息
Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi. 2012 Aug;30(8):575-8.
OBJECTIVE
To measure and assess the levels of occupational exposure to power frequency electromagnetic fields in workers of power grid.
METHODS
PMM8053 electromagnetic fields measuring system with EHP-50 probe was used to measure the levels of electromagnetic fields at working place. Personal dosimeters (EMDEX LITE) were utilized to measure the individual exposure levels of power frequency magnetic field. The results were evaluated with the limitation criteria of GBZ2.2 and ICNIRP.
RESULTS
In the 500 kV ultra high voltage substation, the intensity at 90% measure points of power electric field was more than 5 kV/m. The magnetic field intensity in the areas nearby reactors and capacitors was often higher than 100 µT, even several hundreds µT. The mean daily exposure levels of workers in power grid were between 0.04 and 5.0 µT, and the exposure levels of 70% workers were higher than 0.4 µT.
CONCLUSION
In the areas of ultra high voltage and nearby the reactors and capacitors are the key control points for occupational health in power grid. There is acute health risk of workers exposed to high accumulative exposure levels.
目的
测量和评估电网工人的工频电磁场职业暴露水平。
方法
使用配备EHP - 50探头的PMM8053电磁场测量系统测量工作场所的电磁场水平。利用个人剂量计（EMDEX LITE）测量工频磁场的个人暴露水平。结果依据GBZ2.2和ICNIRP的限值标准进行评估。
结果
在500 kV超高压变电站中，90%测量点的工频电场强度超过5 kV/m。电抗器和电容器附近区域的磁场强度常高于100 μT，甚至达数百μT。电网工人的日均暴露水平在0.04至5.0 μT之间，70%工人的暴露水平高于0.4 μT。
结论
超高压区域以及电抗器和电容器附近是电网职业健康的关键控制点。工人暴露于高累积暴露水平存在急性健康风险。
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