Department of Psychology, University of York, York, United Kingdom.
Psychol Sci. 2012 Oct 1;23(10):1176-85. doi: 10.1177/0956797612441004. Epub 2012 Aug 29.
An influential explanation for gender differences in mating strategies is that the sex-specific reproductive constraints faced by human ancestors shaped these differences. Other theorists have emphasized the role of societal factors, hypothesizing, for example, that gender differences in mate preferences should wane in gender-equal societies. However, findings have been ambiguous. Using recent data and a novel measure of gender equality, we revisited the role of gender parity in gender differentiation for mate preferences. In the first study, 3,177 participants from 10 nations with a gradually decreasing Global Gender Gap Index (GGI) provided online ratings of the desirability of mate attributes with reportedly evolutionary origins. In the second study, GGI scores were related to gender differences in mate preferences previously reported for 8,953 participants from 31 nations (Buss, 1989). Both studies show that gender differences in mate preferences with presumed evolutionary roots decline proportionally to increases in nations' gender parity.
一种有影响力的解释是，人类祖先所面临的性别特异性生殖限制塑造了这些性别在交配策略上的差异。其他理论家则强调了社会因素的作用，例如假设性别偏好中的性别差异在性别平等的社会中应该会减弱。然而，研究结果一直存在争议。我们使用最新的数据和一种新的性别平等衡量标准，重新研究了性别平等在性别偏好的性别差异中的作用。在第一项研究中，来自 10 个国家的 3177 名参与者，这些国家的全球性别差距指数（GGI）逐渐降低，他们在线评估了具有进化起源的伴侣属性的吸引力。在第二项研究中，GGI 得分与此前为来自 31 个国家的 8953 名参与者报告的性别偏好中的性别差异相关（Buss，1989）。这两项研究都表明，具有假定进化根源的性别偏好中的性别差异与国家性别平等程度的提高成比例地下降。
