Norris Jacob N, Viirre Erik, Aralis Hilary, Sracic Michael K, Thomas Darren, Gertsch Jeffery H
Warfighter Performance Department, Naval Health Research Center, 140 Sylvester Road, San Diego, CA 92106, USA.
Mil Med. 2012 Aug;177(8):917-23. doi: 10.7205/milmed-d-12-00007.
Few studies have evaluated high altitude headache (HAH) and acute mountain sickness (AMS) in military populations training at moderate (1,500-2,500 m) to high altitudes (>2,500 m). In the current study, researchers interviewed active duty personnel training at Marine Corps Mountain Warfare Training Center. Participants were asked about HAH and AMS symptoms, potential risk factors, and medications used. In a sample of 192 U.S. Navy and Marine Corps personnel, 14.6% reported AMS (Lake Louise Criteria > or = 3) and 28.6% reported HAH. Dehydration and recent arrival at altitude (defined as data collected on days 2-3) were significantly associated with AMS; decreased sleep allowance was significantly associated with HAH. Although ibuprofen/Motrin users were more likely to screen positive for AMS, among AMS-positive participants, ibuprofen/Motrin users had decreased likelihood of reporting robust AMS relative to non-ibuprofen/Motrin users (p < 0.01). These results suggest that maintenance of hydration and adequate sleep allowance may be critical performance requirements at altitude. Further, ibuprofen/Motrin may be a reasonable treatment for the symptoms of AMS and HAH, although further study is warranted.
很少有研究评估在中等海拔（1500 - 2500米）至高海拔（>2500米）地区训练的军事人员中的高原头痛（HAH）和急性高原病（AMS）。在当前的研究中，研究人员采访了在海军陆战队山地战训练中心训练的现役人员。询问了参与者有关HAH和AMS症状、潜在风险因素以及所使用药物的情况。在192名美国海军和海军陆战队人员的样本中，14.6%的人报告患有AMS（路易斯湖标准≥3），28.6%的人报告患有HAH。脱水和近期到达高原（定义为第2 - 3天收集的数据）与AMS显著相关；睡眠不足与HAH显著相关。尽管使用布洛芬/摩特灵的人AMS筛查呈阳性的可能性更高，但在AMS呈阳性的参与者中，与未使用布洛芬/摩特灵的人相比，使用布洛芬/摩特灵的人报告严重AMS的可能性降低（p < 0.01）。这些结果表明，维持水分摄入和充足的睡眠时间可能是在高原地区保持良好表现的关键要求。此外，布洛芬/摩特灵可能是治疗AMS和HAH症状的合理药物，尽管仍需进一步研究。
