Bosland Maarten C
Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Cancer Lett. 2013 Jun 28;334(1):28-33. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2012.08.027. Epub 2012 Aug 29.
Androgens are thought to cause prostate cancer, but the precise mechanisms by which they do so are unclear. Data, mostly from animal studies, suggest that for androgens to cause prostate cancer they must be aromatized to estrogen and act in concert with these estrogen metabolites. Androgen-receptor mediated activity of androgens and estrogen receptor-mediated effects of estrogen metabolites are likely to be necessary, but estrogen genotoxicity appears to be a probable critical factor as well. Only when all these mechanisms are active, may prostate carcinogenesis result. Convincing proof-of-concept studies are needed to definitively test this concept which, if proven, may lead to clinically feasible chemoprevention approaches interfering with these mechanisms.
雄激素被认为会引发前列腺癌，但其具体机制尚不清楚。大部分来自动物研究的数据表明，雄激素引发前列腺癌必须先被芳香化转化为雌激素，并与这些雌激素代谢产物协同作用。雄激素受体介导的雄激素活性以及雌激素受体介导的雌激素代谢产物效应可能是必要的，但雌激素的基因毒性似乎也是一个关键因素。只有当所有这些机制都活跃时，才可能导致前列腺癌的发生。需要有令人信服的概念验证研究来明确验证这一概念，如果得到证实，可能会带来干扰这些机制的临床可行的化学预防方法。
