JAMA. 1990 Jan 26;263(4):565-70.
Fetal tissue transplantation has been attempted for a limited number of clinical disorders, including Parkinson's disease, diabetes, immunodeficiency disorders, and several metabolic disorders. Fetal tissue has intrinsic properties--ability to differentiate into multiple cell types, growth and proliferative ability, growth factor production, and reduced antigenicity--that make it attractive for transplantation research. At this time the results from fetal tissue grafts for Parkinson's disease and diabetes have not demonstrated significant long-term clinical benefit to patients with these disorders. Further research will be necessary to determine the potential value of fetal tissue transplantation. For these clinical investigations to proceed, specific ethical guidelines are needed to ensure that fetal tissue derived from elective abortions is used in a morally acceptable manner. These guidelines should separate, to the greatest extent possible, the decision by a woman to have an abortion from her consent to donate the postmortem tissue for transplantation purposes. Such ethical guidelines are offered in this report.
胎儿组织移植已针对有限数量的临床疾病进行了尝试，包括帕金森病、糖尿病、免疫缺陷疾病以及几种代谢紊乱疾病。胎儿组织具有一些内在特性——能够分化为多种细胞类型、生长和增殖能力、生长因子产生以及抗原性降低——这些特性使其在移植研究中具有吸引力。目前，用于帕金森病和糖尿病的胎儿组织移植结果尚未证明对患有这些疾病的患者有显著的长期临床益处。需要进一步研究以确定胎儿组织移植的潜在价值。为了这些临床研究能够进行，需要特定的伦理准则来确保以道德可接受的方式使用来自选择性堕胎的胎儿组织。这些准则应尽可能将女性决定堕胎的决定与其同意为移植目的捐赠死后组织的决定分开。本报告提供了此类伦理准则。
