Abraham S, Child A, Ferry J, Vizzard J, Mira M
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Sydney, NSW.
Med J Aust. 1990 Jan 1;152(1):9-12. doi: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1990.tb124419.x.
This prospective study examined the time for 93 women to cease to feel discomfort in their perineal areas after the births of their first babies. Sixty-two of the women had experienced a spontaneous delivery that did not require forceps assistance. In 58 patients, an episiotomy was performed. Of the 35 women in whom an episiotomy was not performed, 24 women required sutures and only four women did not suffer any perineal damage. The median time for perineal comfort in general (including walking and sitting) was one month (range, zero to six months); 20% of women took more than two months to achieve general perineal comfort. For comfort during sexual intercourse, the median time was three months (range, one to more than 12 months); 20% of women took longer than six months to achieve comfort during sexual intercourse. Factors that were associated with discomfort for longer than the median time were delivery by forceps; spontaneous vaginal (not perineal) tears; and, in the three to four days after the birth, oedema and the breakdown of muscle or skin sutures. There was no significant difference in these times between patients who did not undergo an episiotomy and those who underwent an episiotomy without a forceps delivery.
这项前瞻性研究调查了93名女性在生育头胎后会阴区域不适感消失所需的时间。其中62名女性经历了无需产钳辅助的自然分娩。58名患者进行了会阴切开术。在未进行会阴切开术的35名女性中，24名女性需要缝合，只有4名女性没有任何会阴损伤。总体而言（包括行走和坐立），会阴恢复舒适的中位时间为1个月（范围为0至6个月）；20%的女性需要两个多月的时间才能使会阴总体恢复舒适。对于性交时恢复舒适，中位时间为3个月（范围为1至超过12个月）；20%的女性需要超过6个月的时间才能在性交时恢复舒适。与超过中位时间仍存在不适感相关的因素包括产钳分娩；自然阴道（而非会阴）撕裂；以及产后三到四天出现水肿和肌肉或皮肤缝线破裂。未进行会阴切开术的患者与未使用产钳进行会阴切开术的患者在这些时间上没有显著差异。
