Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, Inserm U836, Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France.
Epileptic Disord. 2012 Sep;14(3):217-25. doi: 10.1684/epd.2012.0528.
In order to understand the physiopathology of epilepsies and develop antiepileptic drugs, animal models have been developed. These models appear to be valuable predictors of treatment efficacy; however, several of the currently used models remain questionable and probably inappropriate for the search for new treatments, in particular for epilepsies that cannot be treated by current antiepileptic drugs. In the present review, we report the results of a recent survey conducted by neurologists in charge of an epilepsy programme based at different hospitals in France. The 36 experts were questioned, via the internet, on the most critical features of four prototypic forms of epilepsy (idiopathic generalised epilepsies with convulsive seizures, absence epilepsy, focal epilepsy associated with dysplasia, and focal epilepsy associated with hippocampal sclerosis) that should be taken into account with regards to the relevance of animal models of epilepsy. Their answers suggest that most current models for focal epilepsies associated with either dysplasia or hippocampal sclerosis do not address the most relevant features. The models currently used in mice and rats are discussed in light of the data obtained in our survey.
为了了解癫痫的病理生理学并开发抗癫痫药物，已经开发了动物模型。这些模型似乎是治疗效果的有价值的预测指标；然而，目前使用的几种模型仍然存在问题，可能不适合寻找新的治疗方法，特别是对于目前抗癫痫药物无法治疗的癫痫。在本综述中，我们报告了最近由负责法国不同医院癫痫项目的神经病学家进行的一项调查的结果。通过互联网，36 名专家就四种典型癫痫形式（伴有惊厥发作的特发性全面性癫痫、失神性癫痫、伴有发育不良的局灶性癫痫和伴有海马硬化的局灶性癫痫）的最关键特征进行了询问，这些特征与癫痫动物模型的相关性有关。他们的回答表明，目前大多数与发育不良或海马硬化相关的局灶性癫痫模型都没有涉及到最相关的特征。根据我们调查中获得的数据，讨论了目前在小鼠和大鼠中使用的模型。
