Division of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, MMC 729, 420 Delaware St., S.W., Minneapolis, MN 55455-0392, USA.
Psychiatr Serv. 2012 Nov;63(11):1108-17. doi: 10.1176/appi.ps.201100338.
Team design is meticulously specified for assertive community treatment (ACT) teams, yet performance can vary across ACT teams, even those with high fidelity. By developing and validating the Teamwork in Assertive Community Treatment (TACT) scale, investigators examined the role of team processes in ACT performance.
The TACT scale measuring ACT teamwork was developed from a conceptual model grounded in organizational research and adapted for the ACT and mental health context. TACT subscales were constructed after exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. The reliability, discriminant validity, predictive validity, temporal stability, internal consistency, and within-team agreement were established with surveys from approximately 300 members of 26 Minnesota ACT teams who completed the questionnaire three times, at six-month intervals.
Nine TACT subscales emerged from the analyses: exploration, exploitation of new and existing knowledge, psychological safety, goal agreement, conflict, constructive controversy, information accessibility, encounter preparedness, and consumer-centered care. These nine subscales demonstrated fit and temporal stability (confirmatory factor analysis), high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha), and within-team agreement and between-team differences (rwg and intraclass correlations). Correlational analyses of the subscales revealed that they measure related yet distinctive aspects of ACT team processes, and regression analyses demonstrated predictive validity (encounter preparedness is related to staff outcomes).
The TACT scale demonstrated high reliability and validity and can be included in research and evaluation of teamwork in ACT and mental health teams.
团队设计在果断社区治疗 (ACT) 团队中被精心规定，但即使是那些具有高保真度的团队，其表现也可能存在差异。通过开发和验证团队协作在果断社区治疗 (TACT) 量表中的作用，研究人员研究了团队过程在 ACT 表现中的作用。
用于测量 ACT 团队合作的 TACT 量表是从扎根于组织研究的概念模型中开发出来的，并适应了 ACT 和心理健康的背景。在探索性和验证性因素分析之后，构建了 TACT 子量表。通过对大约 26 个明尼苏达州 ACT 团队的 300 名成员进行的调查，在六个月的间隔内进行了三次调查，建立了该量表的可靠性、区分效度、预测效度、时间稳定性、内部一致性和团队内一致性。
从分析中得出了九个 TACT 子量表：探索、新的和现有的知识的利用、心理安全、目标协议、冲突、建设性争议、信息可及性、准备迎接患者和以患者为中心的护理。这九个子量表表现出拟合度和时间稳定性（验证性因素分析）、高内部一致性（Cronbach's alpha）以及团队内的一致性和团队间的差异（rwg 和组内相关系数）。子量表的相关分析表明，它们测量了 ACT 团队过程的相关但独特的方面，回归分析表明了预测效度（准备迎接患者与员工结果相关）。
TACT 量表具有较高的可靠性和有效性，可以纳入 ACT 和心理健康团队中团队合作的研究和评估中。
