Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Int J Nanomedicine. 2012;7:4679-95. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S33065. Epub 2012 Aug 23.
Theranostics is referred to as a treatment strategy that combines therapeutics with diagnostics, aiming to monitor the response to treatment and increase drug efficacy and safety, which would be a key part of personalized medicine and require considerable advances in predictive medicine. Theranostics associates with both a diagnosis that tests patients for possible reactions to taking new medication and targeted drug delivery based on the test results. Emerging nanotechnology provides a great deal of opportunity to design and develop such combination agents, permitting the delivery of therapeutics and concurrently allowing the detection modality to be used not only before or after but also throughout the entire treatment regimen. The introduction of nanotheranostics into routine health care has still a long way to go, since evaluations on cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and immunotoxicity of prospective nanotheranostics, demonstration of cost-effectiveness, and availability of appropriate accessible testing systems are still required. An extensive review, from a chemistry point of view, of the recent development of nanotheranostics and its in vitro and in vivo applications are herein presented.
治疗诊断学被称为一种将治疗与诊断相结合的治疗策略，旨在监测治疗反应并提高药物疗效和安全性，这将是个性化医学的关键部分，需要预测医学的重大进展。治疗诊断学与诊断相关联，该诊断测试患者对新药物的可能反应，并根据测试结果进行靶向药物输送。新兴的纳米技术为设计和开发这种组合药物提供了大量机会，允许治疗药物的输送，并允许同时使用检测模式，不仅在治疗前、治疗中和治疗后，而且在整个治疗过程中。将纳米治疗诊断学引入常规医疗保健还有很长的路要走，因为仍然需要对潜在的纳米治疗诊断学的细胞毒性、遗传毒性和免疫毒性进行评估，证明其成本效益，并提供适当的可及性测试系统。本文从化学角度广泛综述了纳米治疗诊断学的最新发展及其在体外和体内的应用。
