Department of Neurology, Division of Epilepsy, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ 85054, USA.
Mayo Clin Proc. 2012 Sep;87(9):879-89. doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2012.05.019.
There are now 24 antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) approved for use in epilepsy in the United States by the Food and Drug Administration. A literature search was conducted using PubMed, MEDLINE, and Google for all English-language articles that discuss newly approved AEDs and the use of AEDs in epilepsy in the United States from January 1, 2008, through December 31, 2011. Five new agents were identified that have come onto the market within the past 2 years. Moreover, 3 trends involving AEDs have become clinically important and must be considered by all who treat patients with epilepsy. These trends include issues of generic substitution of AEDs, pharmacogenomics predicting serious adverse events in certain ethnic populations, and the issue of the suicide risk involving the entire class of AEDs. This article discusses the most recent AEDs approved for use in the United States and the 3 important trends shaping the modern medical management of epilepsy.
目前，美国食品和药物管理局已批准 24 种抗癫痫药物（AED）用于治疗癫痫。通过对 PubMed、MEDLINE 和 Google 进行文献检索，检索了 2008 年 1 月 1 日至 2011 年 12 月 31 日期间所有讨论新批准的 AED 以及美国癫痫患者使用 AED 的英文文献。发现了 5 种在过去 2 年内上市的新药物。此外，涉及 AED 的 3 种趋势已变得具有临床重要性，所有治疗癫痫患者的医生都必须考虑这些趋势。这些趋势包括 AED 的仿制药替代问题、预测某些种族人群中出现严重不良事件的药物基因组学，以及涉及整个 AED 类别的自杀风险问题。本文讨论了最近在美国获得批准使用的 AED 以及正在形成现代癫痫医学管理模式的 3 种重要趋势。
