Division of Translational Medicine, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12201-0509, United States.
Curr Opin Struct Biol. 2012 Dec;22(6):797-803. doi: 10.1016/j.sbi.2012.08.003. Epub 2012 Sep 6.
During the last decade groundbreaking progress has been made towards the understanding of structure and function of cell's translational machinery. Cryo-electron microscopic (cryo-EM) and X-ray crystallographic structures of cytoplasmic ribosomes from several bacterial and eukaryotic species are now available in various ligand-bound states. Significant advances have also been made in structural studies on ribosomes of the cellular organelles, such as those present in the chloroplasts and mitochondria, using cryo-EM techniques. Here we review the progress made in structure determination of the mitochondrial ribosomes, with an emphasis on the mammalian mitochondrial ribosome and one of its translation initiation factors, and discuss challenges that lie ahead in obtaining their high-resolution structures.
在过去的十年中，人们在理解细胞翻译机制的结构和功能方面取得了突破性的进展。现在已经获得了几种细菌和真核生物细胞质核糖体在各种配体结合状态下的冷冻电子显微镜（cryo-EM）和 X 射线晶体结构。使用 cryo-EM 技术，细胞器核糖体的结构研究也取得了重大进展，如叶绿体和线粒体中的核糖体。在这里，我们回顾了线粒体核糖体结构测定方面的进展，重点介绍了哺乳动物线粒体核糖体及其翻译起始因子之一，并讨论了获得其高分辨率结构所面临的挑战。
