Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, 1650 Owens Street, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2012 Dec;24(6):784-92. doi: 10.1016/j.ceb.2012.08.010. Epub 2012 Sep 7.
The discovery that somatic cells can be reprogrammed to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) by the expression of a few transcription factors has attracted enormous interest in biomedical research and the field of regenerative medicine. iPSCs nearly identically resemble embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and can give rise to all cell types in the body, and thus have opened new opportunities for personalized regenerative medicine and new ways of modeling human diseases. Although some studies have raised concerns about genomic stability and epigenetic memory in the resulting cells, better understanding and control of the reprogramming process should enable enhanced efficiency and higher fidelity in reprogramming. Therefore, small molecules regulating reprogramming mechanisms are valuable tools to probe the process of reprogramming and harness cell fate transitions for various applications.
体细胞通过表达少数转录因子可被重编程为诱导多能干细胞(iPSCs)，这一发现引起了生物医学研究和再生医学领域的极大兴趣。iPSCs 与胚胎干细胞(ESCs)非常相似，可以产生体内所有类型的细胞，从而为个性化再生医学和人类疾病建模的新方法开辟了新的机会。尽管一些研究对所得细胞中的基因组稳定性和表观遗传记忆提出了担忧，但更好地理解和控制重编程过程应该能够提高重编程的效率和保真度。因此，调节重编程机制的小分子是探究重编程过程并利用细胞命运转变进行各种应用的有价值的工具。
