1600 SW Archer Rd, Room M544, Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, POB 100274, Gainesville FL 32667, USA.
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2012 Dec;67(12):1365-72. doi: 10.1093/gerona/gls171. Epub 2012 Sep 7.
Females develop less age-dependent loss of renal function, which may be in part due to cardiorenal protective effects of estrogens. The impact of androgen level on cardiovascular-renal health is controversial. Estrogen acts through multiple mechanisms, sometimes beneficial, sometimes damaging, which makes it difficult to predict the effect of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in an aging population. Nitric oxide (NO) deficiency occurs in aging and contributes to age-dependent cardiovascular risk and kidney damage. The increased oxidative stress of aging has effects at multiple sites in the NO biosynthetic pathway to lower NO production/action. Loss of NO together with activated angiotensin promotes some of the decrements in cardiovascular-renal function seen with age, which may be related to actions of the sex steroids.
女性的肾功能随年龄下降的幅度较小，这可能部分归因于雌激素对心肾的保护作用。雄激素水平对心血管-肾脏健康的影响存在争议。雌激素通过多种机制发挥作用，既有有益的一面，也有有害的一面，这使得很难预测激素替代疗法（HRT）在老年人群中的效果。一氧化氮（NO）缺乏发生于衰老过程中，并导致与年龄相关的心血管风险和肾脏损伤。衰老引起的氧化应激在 NO 生物合成途径的多个部位发挥作用，从而降低 NO 的产生/作用。NO 的丧失以及血管紧张素的激活促进了一些与年龄相关的心血管-肾脏功能下降，这可能与性激素的作用有关。
