Department of Exercise and Sport Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Exp Physiol. 2013 Feb;98(2):585-97. doi: 10.1113/expphysiol.2012.067967. Epub 2012 Sep 7.
The effect of acute intense intermittent exercise compared with moderate-intensity exercise on angiogenic factors and the effect of 4 weeks of intense intermittent training on capillary growth were examined in nine healthy young men, preconditioned by moderate-intensity endurance training. The intense training consisted of 24 bouts of 1 min cycling at an initial work rate of 316 ± 19 W (117% of pretraining maximal oxygen uptake), performed three times per week. Skeletal muscle biopsies and muscle microdialysates were obtained from the vastus lateralis before, during and after acute exercise performed at either moderate or high intensity. Comparison of the response in angiogenic factors to acute moderate- versus high-intensity exercise, performed prior to the intense training intervention, revealed that intense exercise resulted in a markedly lower (60%; P < 0.05) increase in interstitial vascular endothelial growth factor than did moderate-intensity exercise. Muscle interstitial fluid obtained during moderate-intensity exercise increased endothelial cell proliferation in vitro more than interstitial fluid obtained during intense exercise (sixfold versus 2.5-fold, respectively; P < 0.05). The 4 weeks of high-intensity training did not lead to an increased capillarization in the muscle but abolished the exercise-induced increase in mRNA for several angiogenic factors, increased the protein levels of endothelial nitric oxide synthase, lowered the protein levels of thrombospondin-1 in muscle but increased the interstitial protein levels of thrombospondin-1. We conclude that intense intermittent exercise provides a weak stimulus for vascular endothelial growth factor secretion and endothelial cell proliferation and that intense intermittent training does not induce a sufficient angiogenic stimulus to induce capillary growth in muscle previously conditioned by moderate-intensity exercise.
研究人员在 9 名健康的年轻男性中检验了急性高强度间歇运动与中等强度运动相比对血管生成因子的影响，以及 4 周高强度间歇训练对毛细血管生长的影响。这些男性在进行高强度间歇训练之前都经过了中等强度耐力训练的预处理。高强度训练包括以 316 ± 19 W（117%的训练前最大摄氧量）的初始工作率进行 24 次 1 分钟的自行车骑行，每周进行 3 次。在进行急性运动之前、之中和之后，研究人员从股外侧肌中获得了骨骼肌活检和肌肉微透析液，这些运动的强度分别为中等强度和高强度。在进行高强度间歇训练干预之前，研究人员比较了急性中等强度和高强度运动对血管生成因子的反应，结果发现高强度运动导致的间质血管内皮生长因子增加幅度明显低于中等强度运动（60%；P < 0.05）。在体外，与在高强度运动中获得的间质液相比，在中等强度运动中获得的肌肉间质液能更显著地增加内皮细胞的增殖（分别为 6 倍和 2.5 倍；P < 0.05）。4 周的高强度训练并没有导致肌肉的毛细血管化增加，但却消除了运动诱导的几种血管生成因子的 mRNA 增加、增加了内皮型一氧化氮合酶的蛋白水平、降低了肌肉中血栓素-1 的蛋白水平，但增加了间质中血栓素-1 的蛋白水平。研究人员得出结论，高强度间歇运动对血管内皮生长因子分泌和内皮细胞增殖的刺激作用较弱，高强度间歇训练不能引起足够的血管生成刺激，从而不能诱导之前经过中等强度运动预处理的肌肉中的毛细血管生长。
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