Department of Psychology, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA.
Cogn Emot. 2012;26(7):1335-43. doi: 10.1080/02699931.2011.651100. Epub 2012 Mar 9.
Stressful or traumatic events have been shown to impair cognitive functioning on laboratory-based tasks due to stress-related intrusive thoughts and avoidance. However, research on the effects of stress on everyday cognitive functioning has been lacking. A sample of 909 undergraduates completed measures of perceived stress, PTSD symptoms, and everyday cognitive failures. The results revealed that both perceived stress and PTSD symptoms uniquely predicted cognitive failures, even after controlling for a number of potentially confounding variables. Additionally, there was a significant interaction. Participants with low scores on both measures of stress reported the fewest occurrences of everyday cognitive failures. In contrast, participants with elevated scores on either measure of stress reported higher levels of cognitive failures. These results suggest that there are unique negative effects of perceived stress and PTSD symptoms on everyday cognitive functioning and sharpen our understanding of the relationship between stress and cognition.
压力或创伤性事件已被证明会因与压力相关的侵入性思维和回避而损害基于实验室的认知功能。然而，关于压力对日常认知功能影响的研究一直缺乏。一个由 909 名本科生组成的样本完成了感知压力、创伤后应激障碍症状和日常认知失误的测量。结果表明，即使在控制了许多潜在的混杂变量后，感知压力和创伤后应激障碍症状也能独特地预测认知失误。此外，还存在显著的交互作用。在压力的这两个测量指标上得分都低的参与者报告的日常认知失误发生次数最少。相比之下，在压力的任何一个测量指标上得分较高的参与者报告了更高水平的认知失误。这些结果表明，感知压力和创伤后应激障碍症状对日常认知功能有独特的负面影响，这加深了我们对压力与认知之间关系的理解。
