Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, 15 York Street, Hunter Building, HRT-205, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
Pharmacol Ther. 2013 Jan;137(1):55-63. doi: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2012.08.016. Epub 2012 Sep 3.
MicroRNAs are master regulators of gene expression and control many biological pathways such as cell growth, differentiation and apoptosis. Deregulation of microRNA expression and activity results in a myriad of diseases including cancer. Recently, several reports have indicated that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in microRNAs and microRNA-target sites impact microRNA biology and associate with cancer risk, treatment response and outcome. In this review we will describe these findings and discuss the possible future of utilizing these SNPs as diagnostic and prognostic markers in the clinic.
微小 RNA 是基因表达的主要调控因子，控制着许多生物学途径，如细胞生长、分化和凋亡。微小 RNA 表达和活性的失调导致了许多疾病，包括癌症。最近，有几项报告表明，微小 RNA 及其靶位点的单核苷酸多态性 (SNPs) 会影响微小 RNA 的生物学特性，并与癌症风险、治疗反应和预后相关。在这篇综述中，我们将描述这些发现，并讨论将这些 SNPs 作为临床诊断和预后标志物的可能未来。
