Sakorafas George H, Kokoropoulos Panayiotis, Lappas Christos, Sampanis Dimitrios, Smyrniotis Vassilios
4th Department of Surgery, Athens University, Medical School, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece.
Am Surg. 2012 Sep;78(9):986-91.
The external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve (EBSLN) is the only motor supply to the cricothyroid muscle and has an important role during phonation in high frequencies. Iatrogenic injury of the EBSLN, most commonly during thyroid surgery, is associated with varying levels of alterations in phonation, which may have an impact on a patient's life, especially when his or her career depends on the full range of voice. EBSLN injury incidence after thyroid surgery ranges widely in the literature (0 to 58%). Despite this wide variation, it appears that EBSLN injury is a not uncommon, and frequently overlooked, complication of thyroid surgery. An in-depth knowledge of the surgical anatomy of the EBSLN is therefore required from the part of the operating surgeon to protect this nerve during thyroid surgery.
喉上神经外支（EBSLN）是环甲肌唯一的运动神经支配，在高频发声过程中起重要作用。EBSLN的医源性损伤最常见于甲状腺手术期间，与不同程度的发声改变有关，这可能会对患者的生活产生影响，尤其是当其职业依赖于完整的嗓音范围时。甲状腺手术后EBSLN损伤的发生率在文献中的报道差异很大（0%至58%）。尽管存在如此大的差异，但EBSLN损伤似乎是甲状腺手术中一种并不罕见且经常被忽视的并发症。因此，手术医生需要深入了解EBSLN的手术解剖结构，以便在甲状腺手术期间保护该神经。
