Atwater S W, Crowe T K, Deitz J C, Richardson P K
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle 98195.
Phys Ther. 1990 Feb;70(2):79-87. doi: 10.1093/ptj/70.2.79.
The purpose of this study was to examine the interrater and test-retest reliability of a one-leg balance test and a tiltboard balance test. Twenty-four normally developing children aged 4 through 9 years participated in the study. Time and quality of balance on one leg and degrees of tilt on a tiltboard prior to postural adjustment were measured. Both tests were completed with eyes open and with eyes closed. Interrater reliability was examined using two raters. Test-retest reliability, with a one-week interval between test and retest, was examined for a subgroup consisting of 12 children. Spearman rank-order correlation coefficients were used as indexes of both interrater and test-retest reliability for time and degrees of tilt. To supplement the correlation coefficients, the magnitudes of difference between raters' scores and between test and retest scores were calculated. Spearman coefficients were moderate to high for one-leg balance when scores for both feet were combined for both eyes-open and eyes-closed conditions. The magnitude of difference between scores was low, indicating good agreement between raters and across time. Interrater and test-retest reliabilities of quality of one-leg standing balance were examined by calculating percentages of agreement and Cohen's Kappa statistics. Results of these analyses revealed the need for further study. The Spearman coefficients for the interrater tiltboard test were high; however, the test-retest coefficients were low. The magnitudes of difference between scores were small for the two raters, but large for test and retest. These results are important to consider when using these tests for initial evaluation or for monitoring patient progress.
本研究的目的是检验单腿平衡测试和倾斜板平衡测试的评分者间信度和重测信度。24名年龄在4至9岁之间发育正常的儿童参与了该研究。测量了单腿站立时的平衡时间和质量，以及姿势调整前倾斜板上的倾斜度。两项测试均在睁眼和闭眼条件下完成。使用两名评分者检验评分者间信度。对由12名儿童组成的一个亚组进行了重测信度检验，测试和重测之间间隔一周。斯皮尔曼等级相关系数被用作时间和倾斜度的评分者间信度和重测信度指标。为补充相关系数，计算了评分者分数之间以及测试和重测分数之间的差异幅度。在睁眼和闭眼条件下，当将双脚的分数合并时，单腿平衡的斯皮尔曼系数为中等至高。分数之间的差异幅度较低，表明评分者之间以及不同时间之间的一致性良好。通过计算一致性百分比和科恩卡方统计量，检验了单腿站立平衡质量的评分者间信度和重测信度。这些分析结果表明需要进一步研究。倾斜板测试的评分者间斯皮尔曼系数较高；然而，重测系数较低。两名评分者的分数之间差异幅度较小，但测试和重测之间差异幅度较大。在使用这些测试进行初始评估或监测患者进展时，这些结果值得考虑。
