Kakani E G, Trakala M, Drosopoulou E, Mavragani-Tsipidou P, Mathiopoulos K D
Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Greece.
Bull Entomol Res. 2013 Feb;103(1):36-47. doi: 10.1017/S0007485312000478. Epub 2012 Sep 12.
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE), encoded by the ace gene, is a key enzyme of cholinergic neurotransmission. Insensitive acetylcholinesterase (AChE) has been shown to be responsible for resistance to OPs and CBs in a number of arthropod species, including the most important pest of olives trees, the olive fruit fly Bactrocera oleae. In this paper, the organization of the B. oleae ace locus, as well as the structural and functional features of the enzyme, are determined. The organization of the gene was deduced by comparison to the ace cDNA sequence of B. oleae and the organization of the locus in Drosophila melanogaster. A similar structure between insect ace gene has been found, with conserved exon-intron positions and junction sequences. The B. oleae ace locus extends for at least 75 kb, consists of ten exons with nine introns and is mapped to division 34 of the chromosome arm IIL. Moreover, according to bioinformatic analysis, the Bo AChE exhibits all the common features of the insect AChE. Such structural and functional similarity among closely related AChE enzymes may implicate similarities in insecticide resistance mechanisms.
乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）由ace基因编码，是胆碱能神经传递的关键酶。在包括橄榄树最重要害虫橄榄果蝇Bactrocera oleae在内的许多节肢动物物种中，不敏感的乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）已被证明与对有机磷（OPs）和氨基甲酸盐（CBs）的抗性有关。在本文中，确定了橄榄果蝇ace基因座的结构以及该酶的结构和功能特征。通过与橄榄果蝇的ace cDNA序列以及黑腹果蝇基因座的结构进行比较，推断出该基因的结构。已发现昆虫ace基因之间具有相似的结构，外显子 - 内含子位置和连接序列保守。橄榄果蝇ace基因座至少延伸75 kb，由10个外显子和9个内含子组成，并定位于染色体臂IIL的34区。此外，根据生物信息学分析，橄榄果蝇AChE具有昆虫AChE的所有共同特征。密切相关的AChE酶之间的这种结构和功能相似性可能意味着杀虫剂抗性机制的相似性。
