体力活动、健康和种族的关系：NHANES 1999-2004。

Association of physical activity, fitness, and race: NHANES 1999–2004.

机构信息

Department of Kinesiology, Recreation, and Sport Studies, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2700, USA.

出版信息

Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2013 Feb;45(2):286-93. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e318271689e.

DOI:10.1249/MSS.0b013e318271689e

PMID:22968305

Abstract

PURPOSE

Regular physical activity (PA) can be used to improve cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). Previous research has shown differences in CRF (VO2max) among racial groups, but it is unclear how much of these differences can be explained by PA. Thus, we sought to examine the association between PA and CRF in different racial groups.

METHODS

As a part of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999–2004), 3115 adults (18–49 yr) completed a submaximal graded treadmill exercise test to estimate VO2max. Independent variables were demographics (race, education, sex, partner status, and waist circumference), behavioral measures (smoking and alcohol consumption), self-reported PA from three domains (leisure-time, domestic, and transportational PA (MET x min x wk(-1)), and the proportion of PA at a vigorous intensity (VMET). CRF was the dependent variable. Multiple linear regression was performed using SUDAAN statistical software.

RESULTS

Results indicated that VO2max was significantly higher for Mexican Americans (40.9 T 0.5 mL x kg(-1) x min(-1)) and non-Hispanic whites (40.2 +/- 0.3 mL x kg(-1) x min(-1)) compared with non-Hispanic blacks (37.9 +/- 0.6 mL x kg(-1) x min(-1)) (P = 0.01). Demographics including race explained 18.5% of the variance in VO2max, with race being significant (P < 0.01) in the model. When PA was added to the model, the explained variance in VO2max increased to 19.3% (P = 0.001). VMET was more predictive of VO2max than total PA, and the model including VMET explained 20.4% of the variance in VO2max. Race remained a significant, independent predictor of VO2max after VMET and overall PA were added to the model.

CONCLUSION

Race, PA, and exercise intensity are important factors in explaining differences in CRF. After accounting for demographics, PA, and VMET, a large proportion of the variance in CRF remains unexplained. Thus, other factors should also be considered when examining racial/ethnic differences in CRF.

摘要

目的

有规律的身体活动（PA）可用于改善心肺适能（CRF）。先前的研究表明，不同种族群体之间的 CRF（最大摄氧量）存在差异，但尚不清楚这些差异中有多少可以用 PA 来解释。因此，我们试图检查不同种族群体之间 PA 与 CRF 之间的关联。

方法

作为全国健康和营养检查调查（1999-2004 年）的一部分，3115 名成年人（18-49 岁）完成了亚最大递增跑步机运动试验以估计 VO2max。自变量包括人口统计学因素（种族、教育、性别、伴侣状况和腰围）、行为措施（吸烟和饮酒）、来自三个领域的自我报告 PA（休闲时间、国内和交通 PA（MET x 分钟 x 周(-1)）和剧烈强度 PA 的比例（VMET）。CRF 是因变量。使用 SUDAAN 统计软件进行多元线性回归。

结果

结果表明，与非西班牙裔黑人（37.9 +/- 0.6 mL x kg(-1) x min(-1)）相比，墨西哥裔美国人（40.9 T 0.5 mL x kg(-1) x min(-1)）和非西班牙裔白人（40.2 +/- 0.3 mL x kg(-1) x min(-1)）的 VO2max 显著更高（P = 0.01）。包括种族在内的人口统计学因素解释了 VO2max 方差的 18.5%，模型中种族具有显著意义（P < 0.01）。当 PA 被添加到模型中时，VO2max 的解释方差增加到 19.3%（P = 0.001）。VMET 比总 PA 更能预测 VO2max，并且包括 VMET 的模型解释了 VO2max 方差的 20.4%。在将 VMET 和总体 PA 添加到模型后，种族仍然是 VO2max 的重要独立预测因子。