Houston S, Fanning A, Soskolne C L, Fraser N
University of Zimbabwe, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Harare.
Am J Epidemiol. 1990 Feb;131(2):340-8. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115503.
Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination against tuberculosis has been used around the world for 60 years, yet its efficacy in large, controlled prospective studies is inconsistent. The factors influencing BCG protection include variation in immunogenic potential, background exposure to environmental mycobacteria, and differences in host response to vaccine. As a means of addressing regional differences in protection, case-control studies provide a relatively inexpensive, rapid means of assessing regional vaccine effects. Treaty Indian cases (n = 160) resident in Alberta, Canada, presenting during a 5-year period (1975-1979) were individually matched for age, sex, and Band with two nontuberculous controls. A 57 percent protection by BCG vaccination was demonstrated. These results support the usefulness of case-control studies and their importance in planning tuberculosis control programs.
卡介苗（BCG）接种预防结核病已在全球使用60年，但在大规模、对照前瞻性研究中的效果并不一致。影响卡介苗保护作用的因素包括免疫原性潜力的差异、环境分枝杆菌的背景暴露以及宿主对疫苗反应的差异。作为解决保护作用区域差异的一种方法，病例对照研究提供了一种相对廉价、快速评估区域疫苗效果的手段。对1975年至1979年5年间居住在加拿大艾伯塔省的160例条约印第安人结核病病例，按照年龄、性别和族裔与两名非结核对照个体进行匹配。结果显示卡介苗接种的保护率为57%。这些结果支持病例对照研究的实用性及其在规划结核病控制项目中的重要性。
