You N N, Liu Q, Zhu L M, Lu W
Institute of Chronic Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China;Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
Institute of Chronic Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China.
Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2018 Nov 10;39(11):1519-1523. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2018.11.019.
Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious infectious diseases threating human health, bacillus balmette-guerin vaccine (BCG) is the only available TB vaccine now, neonatal vaccination can significantly reduce the incidence and death of tuberculosis. However, due to its limited protection period, one dose vaccination after birth does not have a protective effect for adolescents and adults. Therefore, how to reduce the prevalence of TB in adolescents and adults effectively is essential for TB prevention and control. In this paper, we reviewed the literature from PubMed, CNKI, and Wanfang database to analyze and summarize the characteristics of BCG vaccine, immune effects and immunity endurance, the effects of BCG vaccination and repeated BCG vaccination in adolescents adults and discuse the change of attitude and trends of BCG use in the three documents issued by the World Health Organization on position of BCG.
结核病是一种严重威胁人类健康的传染病，卡介苗是目前唯一可用的结核病疫苗，新生儿接种可显著降低结核病的发病率和死亡率。然而，由于其保护期有限，出生后接种一剂对青少年和成年人没有保护作用。因此，如何有效降低青少年和成年人结核病的患病率对于结核病防控至关重要。本文通过检索PubMed、中国知网和万方数据库的文献，分析总结卡介苗的特性、免疫效果和免疫持久性，卡介苗接种及复种对青少年和成年人的影响，并探讨世界卫生组织发布的三份关于卡介苗立场文件中卡介苗使用态度和趋势的变化。
