Centre for Child- and Adolescent Mental Health Eastern and Southern Norway (R-BUP) and Oslo University Hospital, Norway.
Int J Integr Care. 2012 Jan-Mar;12:e15. Epub 2012 Mar 30.
The aim of the study is to explore and describe what hampers and promotes the implementation of 'Individual Plan'-Norway's answer to integrated care, and to discuss the findings according to implementation theory and research.
'Individual Plan' is a master-plan intended to increase user-participation and provide better coordination of measures for patients in need of extensive and long-term health-care services. Norwegian Health Authorities used a dissemination strategy to implement 'Individual Plan' but managers within health and social care could choose their own way of implementation in their organisation.
Twenty-two managers from different clinics and organisational levels within mental health care were interviewed with an in-depth semi-structured interview about the implementation process in their organisation. The analysis was primarily made according to systematic text condensation.
The findings describe different implementation processes and how the managers identified with the usefulness of 'Individual Plan' as a tool, choice of practical implementation strategies, the manager's own role, characteristics of organisational culture as well as how the manager considered external factors such as administration, lack of time and resources. The evolved implementation themes are discussed within a frame of existing knowledge and theory.
A complex picture of barriers, dilemmas and benefits emerges, both internal and external to an organisation as well as at a personal level that need to be taken into consideration in forthcoming implementation processes to increase the rate of success.
本研究旨在探讨和描述阻碍和促进“个体化计划”实施的因素，“个体化计划”是挪威对综合护理的回应，旨在提高用户参与度，并为需要广泛和长期医疗服务的患者提供更好的措施协调。根据实施理论和研究讨论研究结果。
“个体化计划”是一项总体规划，旨在提高用户参与度，并为需要广泛和长期医疗服务的患者提供更好的措施协调。挪威卫生当局采用了一种传播策略来实施“个体化计划”，但卫生和社会保健领域的管理人员可以在自己的组织中选择自己的实施方式。
对来自不同诊所和精神保健组织不同层次的 22 名管理人员进行了深入的半结构化访谈，了解他们组织内的实施过程。分析主要根据系统文本浓缩法进行。
研究结果描述了不同的实施过程，以及管理人员如何认同“个体化计划”作为一种工具的有用性，选择实际的实施策略，管理人员自身的角色，组织文化的特点，以及管理人员如何考虑行政、缺乏时间和资源等外部因素。在现有的知识和理论框架内讨论了演变的实施主题。
一幅复杂的组织内部和外部以及个人层面的障碍、困境和利益的画面浮现出来，这些都需要在未来的实施过程中加以考虑，以提高成功的可能性。
