Rader Bethany A, Nyholm Spencer V
Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, 91 North Eagleville Rd., Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA.
Biol Bull. 2012 Aug;223(1):103-11. doi: 10.1086/BBLv223n1p103.
The association between Euprymna scolopes, the Hawaiian bobtail squid, and Vibrio fischeri, a bioluminescent bacterium, has served as a model for beneficial symbioses for over 25 years. The experimental tractability of this association has helped researchers characterize many of the colonization events necessary for symbiosis. Recent technological advances, such as the sequenced genome of V. fischeri, DNA microarrays, and high-throughput transcriptomics and proteomics, have allowed for the identification of host and symbiont factors that are important in establishing and maintaining specificity in the association. We highlight some of these findings pertaining to quorum sensing, luminescence, responses to reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, recognition of microbe-associated molecular patterns by the innate immune system of the host, and a diel rhythm that helps regulate the symbiont population. We also discuss how comparative genomics has allowed the identification of symbiont factors important for specificity and why sequencing the host's genome should be a priority for the research community.
夏威夷短尾乌贼（Euprymna scolopes）与发光细菌费氏弧菌（Vibrio fischeri）之间的共生关系，在过去25年多的时间里一直是有益共生的典范。这种共生关系在实验上的可操作性，有助于研究人员描绘出共生过程中许多必要的定殖事件。近期的技术进步，如费氏弧菌的基因组测序、DNA微阵列以及高通量转录组学和蛋白质组学，使得人们能够鉴定出在建立和维持共生关系特异性方面起重要作用的宿主和共生体因子。我们着重介绍其中一些与群体感应、发光、对活性氧和氮物种的反应、宿主先天免疫系统对微生物相关分子模式的识别以及有助于调节共生体数量的昼夜节律有关的发现。我们还讨论了比较基因组学如何使人们能够鉴定出对特异性很重要的共生体因子，以及为何对宿主基因组进行测序应成为研究界的优先事项。
