Rickman Ashley M, Ambegaonkar Jatin P, Cortes Nelson
George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA.
Med Probl Perform Art. 2012 Sep;27(3):159-64.
Dancers experience a high incidence of injury due to the extreme physical demands of dancing. The majority of dance injuries are chronic in nature and occur in the lower extremities and low back. Researchers have indicated decreased core stability (CS) as a risk factor for these injuries. Although decreased CS is suggested to negatively affect lower extremity joint motion and lumbar control during activity, this relationship has not been extensively discussed in previous dance literature. Understanding the relationship between CS and injury risk is important to help reduce dance injury incidence and improve performance. The purposes of this review were to discuss: 1. the core and components of CS, 2. the relationship between CS and injury, 3. CS assessment techniques, and 4. future dance CS research areas. CS is the integration of passive (non-contractile), active (contractile), and neural structures to minimize the effects of external forces and maintain stability. CS is maintained by a combination of muscle power, strength, endurance, and sensory-motor control of the lumbopelvic-hip complex. CS assessments include measuring muscle strength and power using maximal voluntary isometric and isokinetic contractions and measuring endurance using the Biering-Sorensen, plank, and lateral plank tests. Measuring sensory-motor control requires specialized equipment (e.g., balance platforms). Overall, limited research has comprehensively examined all components of CS together and their relationships to injury. Rather, previous researchers have separately examined core power, strength, endurance, or sensory-motor control. Future researchers should explore the multifactorial role of CS in reducing injury risk and enhancing performance in dancers.
由于舞蹈对身体的极高要求，舞者受伤的发生率很高。大多数舞蹈损伤本质上是慢性的，且发生在下肢和下背部。研究人员指出，核心稳定性（CS）下降是这些损伤的一个风险因素。尽管有研究表明，CS下降会对活动期间的下肢关节运动和腰椎控制产生负面影响，但这种关系在以往的舞蹈文献中并未得到广泛讨论。了解CS与受伤风险之间的关系，对于帮助降低舞蹈受伤发生率和提高表现非常重要。本综述的目的是讨论：1. CS的核心及组成部分；2. CS与损伤之间的关系；3. CS评估技术；4. 未来舞蹈CS研究领域。CS是被动（非收缩性）、主动（收缩性）和神经结构的整合，以最小化外力的影响并维持稳定性。CS通过腰骨盆-髋关节复合体的肌肉力量、力量、耐力和感觉运动控制的组合来维持。CS评估包括使用最大自主等长收缩和等速收缩来测量肌肉力量和功率，以及使用比林-索伦森试验、平板支撑试验和侧平板支撑试验来测量耐力。测量感觉运动控制需要专门的设备（如平衡平台）。总体而言，有限的研究综合考察了CS的所有组成部分及其与损伤的关系。相反，以往的研究人员分别研究了核心功率、力量、耐力或感觉运动控制。未来的研究人员应探索CS在降低舞者受伤风险和提高表现方面的多因素作用。
