Metabolism, Nutrition and Exercise Laboratory, Londrina State University, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
J Strength Cond Res. 2013 Jun;27(6):1636-42. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3182717318.
Strength is a fundamental component of physical fitness, and therefore should be precisely assessed. The purpose of this study was to analyze the number of testing sessions required to achieve consistent 1 repetition maximum (1RM) strength measurements in untrained older women. Forty-five untrained older women were measured for 1RM in bench press machine (BP), leg extension (LE) machine, and free weight arm curl (AC). Reliability coefficients for trials 1 and 2 for BP (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = 0.973) and LE (ICC = 0.976) were higher than for AC (ICC = 0.953). Percent change from trial 1 to 2 for BP (3.5 ± 10.9%) and AC (3.8 ± 8.1%) was less than for LE (5.4 ± 6.2%), but all were significant increases between trials (p < 0.05). Trial differences were reduced to nonsignificant levels (p > 0.05) in the third trial for BP (0.0 ± 0.0%), LE (1.2 ± 3.0%) and AC (2.7 ± 5.9%). Reliability coefficients rose for BP and LE (ICC = 0.999) and AC (ICC = 0.963) when a third trial was performed. Bland and Altman plotting showed very small bias and limits of agreement (LoA) for both the exercises (BP: bias = 0 kg, limits of agreement = 0 kg; LE: bias = -0.16 kg, LoA = 2.21 kg; AC: bias = -0.11 kg, LoA = 1.72 kg). This approach to determine 1RM strength values produced rapid lifting technique familiarization resulting in a need of 2 to 3 test sessions to achieve consistent 1RM measurements in untrained older women.
力量是身体健康的一个基本组成部分，因此应该进行精确评估。本研究的目的是分析未经训练的老年女性在达到一致的 1 重复最大强度（1RM）测量所需的测试次数。45 名未经训练的老年女性接受了卧推机（BP）、腿伸展机（LE）和自由重量臂弯举（AC）的 1RM 测量。BP（组内相关系数 [ICC] = 0.973）和 LE（ICC = 0.976）的第 1 次和第 2 次试验的可靠性系数高于 AC（ICC = 0.953）。从第 1 次试验到第 2 次试验，BP（3.5 ± 10.9%）和 AC（3.8 ± 8.1%）的变化百分比小于 LE（5.4 ± 6.2%），但所有试验之间的差异均具有统计学意义（p < 0.05）。第三次试验后，BP（0.0 ± 0.0%）、LE（1.2 ± 3.0%）和 AC（2.7 ± 5.9%）的试验差异降至无统计学意义（p > 0.05）。当进行第三次试验时，BP 和 LE 的可靠性系数升高（ICC = 0.999），AC 的可靠性系数升高（ICC = 0.963）。Bland 和 Altman 绘图显示，两种运动的偏差和可接受范围（LoA）都非常小（BP：偏差 = 0 公斤，可接受范围 = 0 公斤；LE：偏差 = -0.16 公斤，可接受范围 = 2.21 公斤；AC：偏差 = -0.11 公斤，可接受范围 = 1.72 公斤）。这种确定 1RM 力量值的方法可快速实现举重技术的熟悉化，使未经训练的老年女性只需 2 至 3 次测试即可达到一致的 1RM 测量。
