Department of Neurology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, One University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131-0001, USA.
Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2012 Nov;18(6):580-7. doi: 10.1097/MCP.0b013e328358be18.
To understand clinical characteristics and risk factors for cognitive impairment in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndromes.
Primary snoring increases the risk of neurocognitive impairment and lower intelligence quotients in infants and children. Middle-aged adults with severe OSA are at greater risk for cognitive impairment than young adults with apnea of equal severity. Older women with OSA are at increased risk for minimal cognitive impairment or dementia, 5 years later.
Certain age groups (younger and older) are particularly susceptible to the negative effects of OSA on cognition. Other influences that increase the risk for cognitive dysfunction in OSA include premature birth, apolipoprotein e4 allele status and other genetic polymorphisms, lower socioeconomic status, fewer years of education, and ethnicity.
了解阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）综合征患者认知障碍的临床特征和危险因素。
原发性打鼾会增加婴儿和儿童神经认知障碍和智力低下的风险。与同等严重程度的睡眠呼吸暂停的年轻成年人相比，中老年人发生严重 OSA 的认知障碍风险更高。患有 OSA 的老年女性在 5 年后发生轻度认知障碍或痴呆的风险增加。
某些年龄组（年轻和年老）特别容易受到 OSA 对认知的负面影响。增加 OSA 认知功能障碍风险的其他因素包括早产、载脂蛋白 E4 等位基因状态和其他遗传多态性、较低的社会经济地位、较少的受教育年限以及种族。
