与报告典型更年期症状相关的因素不同。

Factors associated with reporting classic menopausal symptoms differ.

机构信息

Academic Primary Care, Division of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, UK.

出版信息

Climacteric. 2013 Apr;16(2):240-51. doi: 10.3109/13697137.2012.697227. Epub 2012 Sep 19.

DOI:10.3109/13697137.2012.697227

PMID:22992029

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

To investigate how symptoms experienced in midlife cluster and to identify factors independently associated with hot flushes, night sweats, and vaginal dryness.

METHODS

A questionnaire was sent to 8206 women aged 45-54 years, recruited from family practices in north-east Scotland, UK. Using data collected about 23 symptoms, we conducted factor analysis for premenopausal, perimenopausal, postmenopausal and surgically menopausal women. Forward stepwise logistic regression was used to identify sociodemographic, lifestyle and psychological variables independently associated with the classic menopausal symptoms.

RESULTS

Overall, 4407 women responded. Hot flushes were experienced by 46.7% (95% confidence interval (CI) 45.2-48.2) of women, night sweats by 46.4% (95% CI 44.9-47.9) and vaginal dryness by 28.2% (95% CI 26.9-29.6). Seven factors including 20 symptoms emerged from factor analysis. Hot flushes were associated with: being perimenopausal or postmenopausal; low education; obesity; low social support; reporting night sweats, musculoskeletal, bloating, menstrual and sexual symptoms; using complementary alternative medicines, lifestyle (e.g. exercising) or psychological management strategies (e.g. talking to family or friends) for menopausal symptoms. Night sweats were associated with: lower body weight; smoking; possible depression; reporting sleep difficulties, hot flushes and sexual symptoms; using lifestyle strategies for menopausal symptoms. Vaginal dryness was associated with: being postmenopausal; high education; high social support; below average physical health, reporting hot flushes, somatic symptoms and decreased sexual interest; using psychological or lifestyle strategies for menopausal symptoms.

CONCLUSION

It is important to investigate each classic menopausal symptom separately. Combining menopausal symptoms into categories such as vasomotor symptoms may lead to inaccurate conclusions about variables associated with these symptoms.

摘要

目的

探究中年女性所经历的症状如何聚类，并确定与热潮、盗汗和阴道干燥独立相关的因素。

方法

调查问卷寄给了英国苏格兰东北部家庭医生处招募的 8206 名 45-54 岁的女性。根据收集到的 23 种症状数据，我们对绝经前、围绝经期、绝经后和手术绝经后的女性进行了因子分析。采用向前逐步逻辑回归方法，确定与经典绝经症状独立相关的社会人口学、生活方式和心理变量。

结果

共有 4407 名女性做出回应。46.7%（95%置信区间 45.2-48.2）的女性经历热潮，46.4%（95%置信区间 44.9-47.9）的女性经历盗汗，28.2%（95%置信区间 26.9-29.6）的女性经历阴道干燥。因子分析得出包括 20 种症状的 7 个因子。热潮与围绝经期或绝经后、低教育、肥胖、低社会支持、报告盗汗、肌肉骨骼、腹胀、月经和性症状、使用补充替代医学、生活方式（如锻炼）或心理管理策略（如与家人或朋友交谈）有关。盗汗与低体重、吸烟、可能的抑郁、报告睡眠困难、热潮和性症状、使用生活方式策略有关。阴道干燥与绝经后、高教育、高社会支持、平均身体健康水平以下、报告热潮、躯体症状和性欲减退、使用心理或生活方式策略有关。