Department of Pediatrics, Subdivision of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center/Sophia Children's Hospital, 3015 GJ Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012 Dec;97(12):4498-506. doi: 10.1210/jc.2012-1716. Epub 2012 Sep 19.
Early postnatal weight gain is associated with determinants of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) in adults born term. We aimed to investigate the association of weight gain during different periods, and weight trajectories in early life after preterm birth, with determinants of CVD and DM2 in early adulthood.
Associations of first-year growth and tempo of weight gain with determinants of CVD and DM2 in 162 young adults (18-24 yr) born preterm (gestational age <36 wk) were determined and compared with data of young adults born term (n = 217).
Gain in weight for length in the period from preterm birth up to term age, and in the first 3 months after term age, was positively associated with body fat percentage and waist circumference at 21 yr. Gain in weight for length in the first 3 months after term age was also positively associated with total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in early adulthood. Subjects with the highest gain in weight from birth to term age (highest quartile) had significantly higher body fat percentage, waist circumference, acute insulin response, and disposition index in early adulthood than the subgroups with moderate and low gain in weight. Rapid catch-up in weight during the first 3 months after term age resulted in a higher fat percentage, waist circumference, and serum triglycerides level than slower catch-up in weight.
Accelerated neonatal gain in weight relative to length after preterm birth (immediately after birth and during the first 3 months after term age) is associated with determinants of CVD in early adulthood and should therefore be avoided.
在足月出生的成年人中，早期产后体重增加与心血管疾病（CVD）和 2 型糖尿病（DM2）的决定因素有关。我们旨在研究早产儿出生后生命早期不同时期体重增加和体重轨迹与 CVD 和 DM2 成年早期决定因素的关系。
在 162 名早产儿（胎龄<36 周）的年轻成年人（18-24 岁）中，确定了第一年生长和体重增长速度与 CVD 和 DM2 决定因素的关联，并将其与足月出生的年轻成年人（n=217）的数据进行了比较。
从早产儿出生到足月年龄期间以及足月年龄后 3 个月内的体重增加与 21 岁时的体脂百分比和腰围呈正相关。足月年龄后 3 个月内的体重增加也与成年早期的总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平呈正相关。从出生到足月年龄体重增加最多的（最高四分位数）受试者在成年早期的体脂百分比、腰围、急性胰岛素反应和处置指数明显高于中值和低体重增加的亚组。在足月年龄后 3 个月内体重快速增长会导致体脂百分比、腰围和血清甘油三酯水平升高，而体重增长较慢则不会。
与足月出生后（出生后立即和足月后 3 个月内）的长度相比，早产儿的体重增加相对较快与成年早期 CVD 的决定因素有关，因此应予以避免。
