对老年人社区步行的影响。
Influences on neighborhood walking in older adults.
作者信息
Gallagher Nancy A, Clarke Philippa J, Ronis David L, Cherry Carol Loveland, Nyquist Linda, Gretebeck Kimberlee A
机构信息
College of Nursing, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
出版信息
Res Gerontol Nurs. 2012 Oct;5(4):238-50. doi: 10.3928/19404921-20120906-05. Epub 2012 Sep 17.
The purpose of this cross-sectional survey study was to examine the influence of self-efficacy, outcome expectations, and environment on neighborhood walking in older adults with (n = 163, mean age = 78.7, SD = 7.96 years) and without (n = 163, mean age = 73.6, SD = 7.93 years) mobility limitations, controlling for demographic characteristics. Multiple regression revealed that in mobility-limited older adults, demographic characteristics, self-efficacy, and outcome expectations explained 17.4% of variance in neighborhood walking, while environment (neighborhood destinations and design) explained 9.4%. Destinations, self-efficacy, sex, and outcome expectations influenced walking. In those without mobility limitations, demographic characteristics, self-efficacy, and outcome expectations explained 15.6% of the variance, while environment explained 5.6%. Self-efficacy, sex, and design influenced walking. Neighborhood walking interventions for older adults should include self-efficacy strategies tailored to mobility status and neighborhood characteristics.
这项横断面调查研究的目的是，在控制人口统计学特征的情况下，考察自我效能感、结果期望和环境对有行动能力限制（n = 163，平均年龄 = 78.7岁，标准差 = 7.96岁）和无行动能力限制（n = 163，平均年龄 = 73.6岁，标准差 = 7.93岁）的老年人在邻里间步行的影响。多元回归分析显示，在有行动能力限制的老年人中，人口统计学特征、自我效能感和结果期望解释了邻里间步行差异的17.4%，而环境（邻里目的地和设计）解释了9.4%。目的地、自我效能感、性别和结果期望影响步行。在无行动能力限制的老年人中，人口统计学特征、自我效能感和结果期望解释了15.6%的差异，而环境解释了5.6%。自我效能感、性别和设计影响步行。针对老年人的邻里间步行干预措施应包括根据行动能力状况和邻里特征量身定制的自我效能感策略。
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