Besser Lilah M, Chang Lun-Ching, Kluttz Jessica
Institute for Human Health and Disease Intervention (I-HEALTH), Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Florida Atlantic University, 777 Glades Road, SO-284H, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA.
Department of Mathematical Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, 777 Glades Road, SE-222, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA.
Prev Med Rep. 2020 Dec 24;21:101291. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2020.101291. eCollection 2021 Mar.
Neighborhood walking connotes physical activity and opportunities for social and cognitive engagement and improved mental health, factors previously associated with outcomes including mortality, cardiovascular disease, and dementia. Few studies have examined correlates of neighborhood-specific walking in older adults.
We investigated the individual and neighborhood/regional correlates of neighborhood-based walking among US older adults.
We obtained cross-sectional data on ≥ 65 year olds from the population-based 2017 National Household Travel Survey (n = 73,523). Respondents completed diaries detailing trips during an assigned travel day. Adjusted logistic regression (using survey weights) tested associations between individual, neighborhood, and regional characteristics and ≥ 1 versus no neighborhood walk trips/day (from travel diary).
Twelve percent had ≥ 1 neighborhood walk trip/day and 54% of the neighborhood walkers achieved ≥ 30 min of walking/day. African Americans/Blacks (versus non-Hispanic Whites) and working individuals (versus retired) had lower odds of neighborhood walking. Individuals without cars, bus/train users, and those with higher neighborhood housing density had greater odds of neighborhood walking. Utilitarian walking was less likely among African Americans/Blacks and Hispanics but more likely among Asians (versus non-Hispanic Whites). Social/recreational neighborhood walking was more likely for those without cars, bus/train users, and those with greater neighborhood housing density.
Few US older adults walked in their neighborhoods, suggesting a potentially fruitful target for health promotion efforts and community interventions to improve health and quality of life in older adults. Future work is needed to determine other neighborhood factors associated with greater neighborhood walking.
邻里间散步意味着身体活动以及社交和认知参与的机会，还有心理健康状况的改善，这些因素此前与包括死亡率、心血管疾病和痴呆症在内的结果相关。很少有研究调查老年人邻里特定散步的相关因素。
我们调查了美国老年人基于邻里散步的个体及邻里/区域相关因素。
我们从基于人群的2017年全国家庭旅行调查中获取了65岁及以上老年人的横断面数据（n = 73,523）。受访者完成了详细记录指定旅行日行程的日记。调整后的逻辑回归（使用调查权重）测试了个体、邻里和区域特征与每天≥1次邻里散步行程（与无邻里散步行程，来自旅行日记）之间的关联。
12%的人每天有≥1次邻里散步行程，54%的邻里散步者每天步行≥30分钟。非裔美国人/黑人（与非西班牙裔白人相比）以及在职人员（与退休人员相比）进行邻里散步的几率较低。没有汽车的人、公交/火车使用者以及邻里住房密度较高的人进行邻里散步的几率更大。非裔美国人/黑人以及西班牙裔进行功利性散步的可能性较小，但亚洲人（与非西班牙裔白人相比）进行功利性散步的可能性更大。没有汽车的人、公交/火车使用者以及邻里住房密度较大的人进行社交/娱乐性邻里散步的可能性更大。
很少有美国老年人在邻里间散步，这表明健康促进努力和社区干预可能是改善老年人健康和生活质量的有效目标。未来需要开展工作来确定与更多邻里散步相关的其他邻里因素。
