Hamari Anna K, Toljamo Tuula I, Kinnula Vuokko L, Nieminen Pentti A
1 Department of Medicine, Pulmonary Division, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Eur J Public Health. 2013 Oct;23(5):768-71. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/cks131. Epub 2012 Sep 22.
The sale of smokeless tobacco has been totally banned in Finland since the country joined the European Union in 1995. Adolescents have continued to use smokeless tobacco even after the sales ban. The objective was to describe dual use of Swedish snuff (snus) and cigarettes in young adults living in Northern Finland.
This study on male military recruits (n = 1151, mean age 19.4 years; response rate 80%) investigated association of snus use with self-reported tobacco use, nicotine dependence and attempts to quit smoking.
Overall, 15.6% (n = 179) reported daily snus use, and almost half of them were dual users who used both products, i.e. cigarettes and snus, daily. Daily smokers were often occasional snus users (66.3%), and those with dual use smoked equal number of cigarettes per day as daily smokers who were not snus users. In addition, dual snus use seemed to increase the dependence to cigarettes, although this trend did not reach statistical significance. Dual users tried to quit less likely than exclusive smokers. Very few snus users were 'switchers' (ex-smokers) [3.2% (n = 22) of all snus users].
Dual use of snus and cigarettes is common among young in Finland, despite the sales ban on snus. The role of snus in reducing cigarette smoking is unclear, but it is likely that snus use complicates the attempts to quit smoking.
自1995年芬兰加入欧盟以来，无烟烟草的销售在该国已被全面禁止。即使在销售禁令之后，青少年仍继续使用无烟烟草。目的是描述芬兰北部年轻成年人中瑞典鼻烟（snus）和香烟的双重使用情况。
这项针对男性新兵的研究（n = 1151，平均年龄19.4岁；应答率80%）调查了鼻烟使用与自我报告的烟草使用、尼古丁依赖及戒烟尝试之间的关联。
总体而言，15.6%（n = 179）报告每日使用鼻烟，其中近一半是双重使用者，即每天同时使用香烟和鼻烟这两种产品。每日吸烟者中经常有偶尔使用鼻烟的人（66.3%），双重使用者每天吸的香烟数量与不使用鼻烟的每日吸烟者相同。此外，同时使用鼻烟似乎会增加对香烟的依赖，尽管这一趋势未达到统计学显著性。双重使用者比单纯吸烟者更不容易尝试戒烟。很少有鼻烟使用者是“转换者”（ former smokers，即曾经吸烟者）[占所有鼻烟使用者的3.2%（n = 22）]。
尽管鼻烟销售被禁，但在芬兰年轻人中，鼻烟和香烟的双重使用很常见。鼻烟在减少吸烟方面的作用尚不清楚，但使用鼻烟可能会使戒烟尝试变得更加复杂。
