Swedish Council for Information on Alcohol and Other Drugs (CAN), 116 64 Stockholm, Sweden.
Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Mar 25;20(7):5262. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20075262.
Tobacco use was measured with self-reports of lifetime use of cigarettes and snus to examine trends in tobacco use among Swedish 9th graders over the period 1991-2020. Annual school surveys with nationally representative samples of 9th-grade students in Sweden covering the period 1991-2020 with a total sample of 163,617 students. We distinguished between the use of cigarettes only, use of snus only, dual use (use of both cigarettes and snus), and total tobacco use (use of any of these tobacco products). In addition to a graphical description of trends in the various measures of tobacco use, the correlation between these trends was calculated with the Pearson correlation coefficient (Rxy). The prevalence of total tobacco use declined from 72% in 1991 to 36% in 2020. The declining trend in total tobacco use was positively correlated with the trend in dual use (Rxy = 0.98) and the trend in cigarette use only (Rxy = 0.87). The trend in total tobacco use was, on the other hand, negatively correlated with snus use only (Rxy = -0.41), and snus use only was negatively correlated with cigarette use only (Rxy = -0.71). The situation became different after 2017 when total tobacco use increased as a result of an increasing prevalence of snus use. The sharp decline in tobacco use among 9th graders in Sweden over the past three decades is driven by declining cigarette use. The correlations between the various forms of tobacco use suggest that snus use may have contributed to the decline in cigarette use and, by that, overall tobacco use. The situation changed after 2017 when a sharp rise in snus use seems to have increased total tobacco use among adolescents in Sweden. A possible explanation behind this development is the introduction of a new form of snus called "All white snus", which was introduced in Sweden in 2014.
使用自我报告的终生吸烟和鼻烟使用情况来衡量烟草使用情况,以研究瑞典 9 年级学生在 1991-2020 年期间的烟草使用趋势。1991-2020 年期间,对瑞典 9 年级学生进行了全国代表性样本的年度学校调查,共涉及 163617 名学生。我们区分了仅吸烟、仅使用鼻烟、双重使用(同时使用香烟和鼻烟)和总烟草使用(使用这些烟草制品中的任何一种)。除了以图形方式描述各种烟草使用措施的趋势外,还使用皮尔逊相关系数(Rxy)计算了这些趋势之间的相关性。总烟草使用的流行率从 1991 年的 72%下降到 2020 年的 36%。总烟草使用量下降的趋势与双重使用(Rxy = 0.98)和仅吸烟(Rxy = 0.87)的趋势呈正相关。另一方面,总烟草使用量的趋势与仅使用鼻烟呈负相关(Rxy = -0.41),而仅使用鼻烟与仅使用香烟呈负相关(Rxy = -0.71)。2017 年之后情况发生了变化,由于鼻烟使用的流行率增加,总烟草使用量增加。在过去的三十年中,瑞典 9 年级学生的烟草使用量急剧下降,这是由于吸烟量下降所致。各种形式的烟草使用之间的相关性表明,鼻烟的使用可能促成了吸烟量的下降,从而降低了整体烟草使用量。2017 年之后情况发生了变化,鼻烟使用量的急剧增加似乎增加了瑞典青少年的总烟草使用量。这种发展背后的一个可能解释是 2014 年在瑞典推出的一种新形式的鼻烟,称为“全白鼻烟”。