Clinica Dermatologica di Terni, Università di Perugia, Terni, Italy.
G Ital Dermatol Venereol. 2012 Oct;147(5):475-81.
Genital herpes simplex virus infection is a recurrent, lifelong disease with no cure. The strongest predictor for infection is a person's number of lifetime sex partners. HSV-2 is the commonest responsible, although infections caused by HSV-1 are rapidly increasing, particularly in adolescents, women and men who have sex with men. The natural history includes first-episode of mucocutaneous infection, establishment of latency in the dorsal root ganglion, and subsequent reactivation. Most infections are transmitted via asymptomatic viral shedding. Atypical manifestations are common. Genital HSV-2 recurs six times more frequently than type 1. Laboratory confirmation of the clinical diagnosis is recommended in all patients in order to guide a correct counselling and management. Real-time PCR and viral culture represent the gold standard for diagnosis. Serologic testing can be useful in persons with a questionable history. Counselling patients about the risk of transmission is crucial and helps prevent the spread of disease and neonatal complications.
生殖器单纯疱疹病毒感染是一种复发性、终身性疾病，目前无法治愈。感染的最强预测因素是一个人一生中的性伴侣数量。HSV-2 是最常见的致病病毒，但由 HSV-1 引起的感染正在迅速增加，尤其是青少年、女性和男男性行为者。其自然史包括首次黏膜皮肤感染、潜伏在背根神经节、随后的再激活。大多数感染是通过无症状病毒排出传播的。不典型表现很常见。生殖器 HSV-2 的复发频率比 HSV-1 高 6 倍。建议所有患者进行实验室确诊以指导正确的咨询和管理。实时 PCR 和病毒培养是诊断的金标准。血清学检测对于病史可疑的患者很有用。对患者进行传播风险的咨询至关重要，有助于防止疾病传播和新生儿并发症。
