School of Optometry, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.
Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2013 Mar;251(3):945-51. doi: 10.1007/s00417-012-2162-x. Epub 2012 Sep 26.
Possible beneficial effects of yellow-tinted spectacle lenses on binocular vision, accommodation, oculomotor scanning, reading speed and visual symptoms were assessed in children with reading difficulties.
A longitudinal prospective study was performed in 82 non-dyslexic children with reading difficulties in grades 3-6 (aged 9-11 years) from 11 elementary schools in Madrid (Spain). The children were randomly assigned to two groups: a treatment (n = 46) and a without-treatment group (n = 36). Children in the treatment group wore yellow spectacle lenses with best correction if necessary over 3 months (in school and at home). The tests were first undertaken without the yellow filter. With best spectacle correction in each subject, measurements were made of: distance and near horizontal heterophoria, distance and near horizontal fusional vergence ranges, the accommodative convergence/accommodation (AC/A) ratio, near point of convergence (NPC), stereoacuity, negative relative accommodation (NRA) and positive relative accommodation (PRA), monocular accommodative amplitude (MAA), binocular accommodative facility (BAF), oculomotor scanning, and reading speed (words per minute). The Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey (CISS) questionnaire was completed by all children. After the 3-month period, measurements were repeated with the yellow lenses (treatment group) or without the yellow lenses (without-treatment group) but with refractive correction if needed.
Over the 3 months, the two groups showed similar mean changes in the variables used to assess binocular vision, accommodation, oculomotor scanning, and reading speed. However, mean relative changes in convergence insufficiency symptoms differed significantly between the groups (p = 0.01).
No effects of wearing yellow spectacles emerged on binocular vision, accommodation, oculomotor scanning, and reading speed in children with reading difficulties. The yellow filter had no effect even in children with low MAA and BAF. The reduction in visual symptoms observed in children with reading difficulties using the yellow filters was clinically insignificant.
在阅读困难的儿童中，评估了黄色镜片对双眼视觉、调节、眼球运动扫描、阅读速度和视觉症状的可能有益影响。
在马德里（西班牙）的 11 所小学中，对 82 名非阅读困难的 3-6 年级阅读困难儿童（年龄 9-11 岁）进行了一项纵向前瞻性研究。儿童被随机分为两组：治疗组（n=46）和无治疗组（n=36）。治疗组的儿童如果需要，在 3 个月内佩戴最佳矫正的黄色眼镜（在学校和家中）。首先在没有黄色滤光片的情况下进行测试。在每个受试者的最佳眼镜矫正下，测量以下指标：远距和近距水平隐斜视、远距和近距水平融合性聚散范围、调节性集合/调节（AC/A）比值、近点集合（NPC）、立体视锐度、负相对调节（NRA）和正相对调节（PRA）、单眼调节幅度（MAA）、双眼调节灵活度（BAF）、眼球运动扫描和阅读速度（每分钟单词数）。所有儿童均填写了集合不足症状调查（CISS）问卷。3 个月后，治疗组佩戴黄色镜片（治疗组）或不佩戴黄色镜片（无治疗组）但需要矫正屈光不正后，重复测量。
在 3 个月内，两组在用于评估双眼视觉、调节、眼球运动扫描和阅读速度的变量上的平均变化相似。然而，两组之间的集合不足症状的平均相对变化差异显著（p=0.01）。
在阅读困难的儿童中，佩戴黄色眼镜对双眼视觉、调节、眼球运动扫描和阅读速度没有影响。即使在 MAA 和 BAF 较低的儿童中，黄色滤光片也没有影响。使用黄色滤光片观察到阅读困难儿童的视觉症状减少，但临床意义不大。
