Smith E M, North C S, McCool R E, Shea J M
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110.
Am J Psychiatry. 1990 Feb;147(2):202-6. doi: 10.1176/ajp.147.2.202.
This study examined the prevalence of four psychiatric disorders--posttraumatic stress disorder, major depression, generalized anxiety disorder, and alcohol abuse/dependence--in survivors of a jet plane crash into a hotel. Forty-six subjects were interviewed with the Diagnostic Interview Schedule/Disaster Supplement within 4-6 weeks of the event. More than half of the subjects met criteria for a psychiatric disorder after the disaster. More than two-thirds of the cases of acute postdisaster psychiatric disorders were predicted by identifying the subjects who had predisaster psychiatric histories. Predisaster psychiatric disorder predicted postdisaster psychopathology with a sensitivity of 72% and a specificity of 90%.
本研究调查了一架喷气式飞机坠毁在酒店事件幸存者中四种精神障碍——创伤后应激障碍、重度抑郁症、广泛性焦虑症和酒精滥用/依赖——的患病率。46名受试者在事件发生后的4至6周内接受了诊断访谈表/灾难补充访谈。超过一半的受试者在灾难后符合精神障碍的标准。通过识别有灾难前精神病史的受试者，预测了超过三分之二的急性灾后精神障碍病例。灾难前的精神障碍预测灾后精神病理学的敏感性为72%，特异性为90%。
