Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, PO Box 226, Reading, Berks RG6 6AP, UK.
Br J Nutr. 2013 Apr 28;109(8):1442-52. doi: 10.1017/S0007114512003315. Epub 2012 Sep 28.
Epidemiological studies indicate that diets rich in fruits and vegetables (F&V) are protective against CVD. Puréed F&V products retain many beneficial components, including flavonoids, carotenoids, vitamin C and dietary fibres. The present study aimed to establish the physiological effects of acute ingestion of a F&V purée-based drink (FVPD) on vasodilation, antioxidant status, phytochemical bioavailability and other CVD risk factors. A total of twenty-four subjects, aged 30-70 years, completed the randomised, single-blind, controlled, crossover test meal study. Subjects consumed 400 ml of the FVPD, or a fruit-flavoured sugar-matched control, after following a low-flavonoid diet for 5 d. Blood and urine samples were collected throughout the study day, and vascular reactivity was assessed at 90 min intervals using laser Doppler iontophoresis. The FVPD significantly increased plasma vitamin C (P= 0·002) and total nitrate/nitrite (P= 0·001) concentrations. There was a near significant time by treatment effect on ex vivo LDL oxidation (P= 0·068), with a longer lag phase after consuming the FVPD. During the 6 h after juice consumption, the antioxidant capacity of plasma increased significantly (P= 0·003) and there was a simultaneous increase in plasma and urinary phenolic metabolites (P< 0·05). There were significantly lower glucose and insulin peaks after ingestion of the FVPD compared with control (P= 0·019 and 0·003) and a trend towards increased endothelium-dependent vasodilation following FVPD consumption (P= 0·061). Overall, FVPD consumption significantly increased plasma vitamin C and total nitrate/nitrite concentrations, with a trend towards increased endothelium-dependent vasodilation. Puréed F&V products are useful vehicles for increasing micronutrient status, plasma antioxidant capacity and in vivo NO generation, which may contribute to CVD risk reduction.
流行病学研究表明，富含水果和蔬菜（F&V）的饮食可预防 CVD。F&V 产品保留了许多有益成分，包括类黄酮、类胡萝卜素、维生素 C 和膳食纤维。本研究旨在确定摄入 F&V 泥状饮料（FVPD）对血管舒张、抗氧化状态、植物化学物质生物利用度和其他 CVD 风险因素的生理影响。共有 24 名年龄在 30-70 岁的受试者完成了这项随机、单盲、对照、交叉测试餐研究。受试者在遵循低类黄酮饮食 5 天后，饮用 400 毫升 FVPD 或与水果风味匹配的含糖对照饮料。在整个研究日采集血液和尿液样本，并使用激光多普勒离子电渗法每隔 90 分钟评估血管反应性。FVPD 显著增加了血浆维生素 C（P=0·002）和总硝酸盐/亚硝酸盐（P=0·001）浓度。处理效应与时间之间存在接近显著的交互作用（P=0·068），饮用 FVPD 后 LDL 氧化的迟滞期更长。在果汁饮用后的 6 小时内，血浆抗氧化能力显著增加（P=0·003），同时血浆和尿液中的酚类代谢物也增加（P<0·05）。与对照相比，饮用 FVPD 后血糖和胰岛素峰值明显降低（P=0·019 和 0·003），并且在饮用 FVPD 后，内皮依赖性血管舒张有增加的趋势（P=0·061）。总体而言，FVPD 饮用可显著增加血浆维生素 C 和总硝酸盐/亚硝酸盐浓度，并且内皮依赖性血管舒张有增加的趋势。F&V 泥状产品是增加微量营养素状态、血浆抗氧化能力和体内 NO 生成的有用载体，可能有助于降低 CVD 风险。
