Balhara Y Ps, Verma R
National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
East Asian Arch Psychiatry. 2012 Sep;22(3):126-33.
Schizophrenia is characterised by distorted thinking and perception and tends to run a chronic course. The World Health Organization reported that suicide accounts for almost 2% of the world's deaths. There is a close relationship between schizophrenia and suicide. Patients with schizophrenia experience personal distress and socio-occupational dysfunction and reduced life expectancy as a group. The current article presents a review of suicide in schizophrenia.
The literature search included MEDLINE, CINHAL, EMBASE, and Cochrane Controlled Trials Register databases.
Search terms used included 'schizophrenia', 'suicide', 'positive symptoms', 'negative symptoms', 'self-harm', 'anti-psychotics', 'risk factors' in different combinations.
We included epidemiological findings, socio-demographical variables, symptom profiles, biological underpinnings, risk factors, and management issues. No publication year limits were applied but the search was restricted to articles in English. The abstracts of articles retrieved in the search were manually scanned.
Male gender and being unmarried are associated with an increased risk of suicide among individuals with schizophrenia. The presence of depression and depressive features is associated with an increased risk of suicidality. An association between insight into the illness, a consequent feeling of hopelessness, and increased risk of suicide has also been a consistent finding. In contrast the role of schizophrenia subtype in suicidal risk remains controversial.
To date, the impact of specific pharmacotherapeutic agents and non-pharmacological interventions on the suicidal behaviour of individuals with schizophrenia is also yet to be fully explored by robust research.
精神分裂症的特征是思维和感知扭曲，且往往病程呈慢性。世界卫生组织报告称，自杀占全球死亡人数的近2%。精神分裂症与自杀之间存在密切关系。精神分裂症患者会经历个人痛苦和社会职业功能障碍，总体预期寿命缩短。本文对精神分裂症患者的自杀情况进行综述。
文献检索包括MEDLINE、CINHAL、EMBASE和Cochrane对照试验注册数据库。
使用的检索词包括“精神分裂症”、“自杀”、“阳性症状”、“阴性症状”、“自我伤害”、“抗精神病药物”、“危险因素”等不同组合。
我们纳入了流行病学研究结果、社会人口统计学变量、症状特征、生物学基础、危险因素和管理问题。未设置出版年份限制，但检索仅限于英文文章。对检索到的文章摘要进行人工筛选。
男性和未婚与精神分裂症患者自杀风险增加有关。抑郁及抑郁特征的存在与自杀风险增加有关。对疾病的洞察力、随之而来的绝望感与自杀风险增加之间的关联也是一项一致的研究发现。相比之下，精神分裂症亚型在自杀风险中的作用仍存在争议。
迄今为止，特定药物治疗药物和非药物干预对精神分裂症患者自杀行为的影响尚未通过有力的研究得到充分探索。
